eng fundamentals

Question 1

energy

Answer 1

what is the capacity of a system to do work or produce an effect

Question 2

thermodynamics

Answer 2

is the study of the interrelationship between the two major categories of energy

Question 3

thermal energy

Answer 3

type of energy associated with systems of molecules. stored : internal energy. In transition: heat

Question 4

mechanical energy

Answer 4

type of energy associated with a system composed of bodies larger than atomic particles. Stored: potential or kinetic energy. In transition: work

Question 5

potential energy

Answer 5

type of energy with the ability of a substance or object to do work based on its location relative to the system in which it is contained

Question 6

kinetic energy

Answer 6

the ability of a substance or object to do work based on its motion

Question 7

temperature

Answer 7

a measure of the average random molecular kinetic energy (MARMKE). How fast particles are moving (liquid or gas) or vibrating (solid)

Question 8

pressure

Answer 8

a ratio of force applied over an area P=F/A

Question 9

WORK

Answer 9

the movement of an object by a force through a distance

Question 10

power

Answer 10

the rate at which work is performed

Question 11

efficiency

Answer 11

compares the output of a system to the work input

Question 12

0th law of thermodynamics

Answer 12

if two bodies A and B are at the same temperature body C is at the same temperature as B, then all three bodies are at the same temperature

Question 13

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 13

The law of conservation of energy. energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Only altered in form.

Question 14

closed system

Answer 14

no flow of mass into/out of system boundaries

Question 15

open system

Answer 15

mass crosses system boundaries (into/out of system)

Question 16

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 16

heat will not flow from areas of low temperature to high temperature unless some work is done on the system. Heat flows from hot to cold

Question 17

newton’s third law of motion

Answer 17

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 18

bernoulli’s equation

Answer 18

as velocity increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. When fluid speed over a surface is manipulated, pressure changes

Question 19

ideal gas

Answer 19

a theoretical gas composed of randomly moving, non-interacting particles. pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas are all directly related. PV=nRT

Question 20

What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy?

Answer 20

Potential energy is the ability of a substance or object to do work based on its location relative to the system in which it is contained. Kinetic energy is the ability of a substance or object to do work based on its motion

Question 21

Describe how Bernoulli’s equation relates to lift for a Naval aircraft

Answer 21

bulk mass flow rate is assumed to be constant, and the fluid on top of the wing must travel a farther distance over the same time, velocity at the top of the airfoil/propeller will go up. This in turn causes a drop in pressure above the blade and an increase in pressure below the blade. This difference in pressure will produce an upward force called lift