auxiliary systems (distillation, hydraulics, & compressed air)

Question 1

brine

Answer 1

water with salt concentration greater than normal seawater

Question 2

condensation

Answer 2

conversion of vapor into usable fresh water by cooling

Question 3

distillate

Answer 3

byproduct of condensation, fresh water produced by the vaporization of seawater

Question 4

distillation

Answer 4

boiling seawater and then cooling and condensing , results in vapor that produces fresh water

Question 5

evaporation

Answer 5

first step in distillation process, seawater is boiled to separate into fresh water vapor and brine

Question 6

feed

Answer 6

seawater used for distillation process

Question 7

salinity

Answer 7

concentration of salt in water, measured in parts per million (ppm)

Question 8

vapor

Answer 8

water in the gaseous state

Question 9

osmosis

Answer 9

fluid movement thru a semi-permeable membrane, low to high solute concentration

Question 10

reverse osmosis system

Answer 10

pressurized seawater flows thru membrane, water flows thru salt does not. potable water set to tanks for storage, sent thru additional membranes for extra purity, brine pumped overboard

Question 11

hydraulic systems

Answer 11

aircraft elevators, aircraft, ship’s rudders, weapons systems, controllable pitch propellers

Question 12

Pascal’s Law

Answer 12

any fluid confined to a container will exhibit the same pressure equally throughout the container. fluids CANT be compressed. P=F/A

Question 13

hydraulic components

Answer 13

accumulator, pump, bypass valve, vent and supply tank, solenoid valves

Question 14

accumulator

Answer 14

pressurized storage reservoir, hydraulic fluid held under pressure by external force

Question 15

pump

Answer 15

refills the accumulator, converts mechanical energy to hydraulic energy by pressurizing hydraulic fluid

Question 16

vent and supply tank

Answer 16

stores hydraulic fluid for immediate system use

Question 17

bypass valve

Answer 17

redirects fluid to the vent and supply tank after the accumulator is full, pressure relief valve

Question 18

solenoid valves

Answer 18

electrically controlled from remote locations. ports pressurized oil, exerting pressure on a piston

Question 19

compressed air components

Answer 19

compressor air up to 4500 psig, air receiver (pneumatic accumulator) (tank), relief valve, Actuator (pneumatic solenoid valve)

Question 20

compressed air applications

Answer 20

ballast tanks, control mechanisms for heating, vent, air conditioning (HVAC), DIESEL/gas turbine starting, pneumatic tools, valve control, weapon launching