Energy Systems 2 Flashcards
Where in the cell does lipogenesis take place?
Lypogenesis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
What is lipogenesis?
The synthesis of Fats from carbohydrates and proteins
What two proteins belong to the fatty acid synthase system?
ACP - acyl carrier protein
CE - condensing protein
What is lypolysis?
The breakdown of fats into energy
What 3 hormones are involved in lypolysis?
Epinephrine
Glucagon
Insulin
How do the functions of the 3 different hormones differ?
Epinepherine and glucagon activate the breakdown of lipolysis while insulin inhibits fat breakdown
What other effect does insulin have on adipose tissue?
the presence of insulin causes fat storage - lipogenesis
What is B-Oxidation?
The conversion of fatty acids into Acetyl CoA (Krebs cycle)
What is the carrier molecule for free fatty acids for oxidation?
Carnitine
Name four body functions cholesterol is precursor to.
steroid hormones, bile salts, steroid sex hormones & Vitamin D synthesis
What is the initial product needed to synthesise cholesterol?
Acetyl -CoA is the first product needed in the synthesis of cholesterol.
What are the 3 products that lipoprotein lipase hydrolyzes?
tricycglycerades
fatty acids
protiens
LDL’s
20% protein
80% lipids (50% cholesterol)
- diet high in cholesterol and sat fat down regulate receptors on cels and therefore increase blood LDL concn
HDL’s
- excess cholesterol is transported back to the liver as HDL cholesterol
- 50% protein
- 22% cholesterol ester
- 20% phosppholipid
- 8% triacylglycerol
- an increase in HDL, increases the transport of LDL’s from peripheral cells to the liver
- regular exercise results in higher HDL levels.
VLDL’s
- high carbs = more VLDL being produced
- 75% trilycerides
- 25% cholesterol
- primary pathway for carrying endogenously manufactured lipids
