Energy Supply And Demand Globally 🌍⚡️ Flashcards
What does energy security depend on?
Production and consumption
What is energy security?
Means having a reliable, uninterrupted and affordable supply of energy
What does a country’s energy security depend on?
Supplies available (produced or imported)
Size of population
Amount of energy used per person
What is an energy surplus?
When a country produces more energy than its population requires
Extra energy is exported
Surplus = security :)
E.g. Saudi Arabia produces lots of oil and exports it
What is energy deficit?
Have less energy then required
Deficit = insecurity :(
Which countries produce the most energy?
(200+ million tonnes oil equivalent)
Russia, China, Brazil, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Australia, USA
(In 2012)
Why are some countries unable to produce lots of energy?
Few resources to exploit, political reasons, poor (little money)
E.g. Ireland - few resources
Sudan - politically unstable, little money
These countries produce 2-19 million tonnes oil equivalent
Why is energy important?
Use it daily for pretty much everything
Fill the gaps:
The ______ for energy keeps __________ as people get _________.
Demand
Increasing
Wealthier
Which countries have the most energy consumption per person?
(4.5-6+ tonnes oil equiv.)
USA, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, Australia, Russia
Which countries use the least energy consumption per person?
(0-1.5 tonnes of oil equiv.)
Burkina Faso, Mongolia, Algeria (most of Africa)
Relationship between wealth and consumption in HICs?
Consume lots of energy per person
People expect a higher standard of living and they can afford it
Most people have access to electricity and heating and use energy-intensive devices (cars)
Relationship between wealth and consumption in LICs?
Consume less energy per person
Less energy available
Less dependant on high energy consumption
The global demand for energy is…?
Increasing as population increases, countries develop (economically) and technological advancement
How does rising population cause demand for energy to increase?
- global population projected to reach 9 billion by 2040!
- more people = more energy needed (heat homes, charge phones, etc)
How does economic development cause demand for energy to increase?
- NEEs
- people use wealth to buy material objects, lots use energy (e.g. cars, phones, etc)
- industry expands as country develops. Industry uses lots of energy, so demand increases
How do technological advances cause demand for energy to increase?
- new devices that need energy (computers, phones, etc) more popular = more energy needed to power them
- made energy more affordable - wind energy in Texas prevented consumers’ costs from rising. However, this means people can afford to use more energy, so demand increases
What is energy supply affected by?
- technological factors
- physical factors
- economic factors
- political factors
How do technological factors affect energy supply?
- possible to exploit new resources (e.g. fracking)
- makes it easier to exploit existing resources (autonomous machines need no people, use in risky areas)
- some countries are unable to exploit existing resources as it is too expensive or being tested