Urbanisation ๐ Flashcards
What is urbanisation?
the growth in the PROPORTION of people living in urban areas
Around what percent of the world live in urban areas?
55% and this is increasing
What is an urban area?
a built up area in which people live
What is the rate of urbanisation?
the change in size of urban populations over time
What is the rate of urbanisation like in HICs?
around 80% of population in HICs live in urban areas
people in HICs tend to leave urban areas for more rural areas
rate of urbanisation is low at ~1%
What is the rate of urbanisation like in LICs?
around 30% of population in LICs live in urban areas
high rates of urbanisation up to 6%
What is the rate of urbanisation like in NEEs?
around 50% of population in NEEs live in urban areas - although this differs for each country
rate of urbanisation is typically around 2%
What are the push factors for leaving rural areas to go to urban areas (rural โ> urban migration)
- natural disasters - damage property/land
- more technology in agriculture, so less jobs for farmers
- desertification (drying out of land) of land means it canโt be used - hard for farmers
- poor housing, bad education, conflict
What are the pull factors for rural โ> urban migration?
- more jobs, often better paid
- better healthcare and education
- family members might already be there
- better quality of life
What is urbanisation also caused by?
natural increase
What is natural increase?
when birth rate exceeds death rate - which means more people are being born than dying, population grows
Who normally moves to urban areas?
young people
What does it mean if more young people are moving to urban areas?
- migrants usually have children, increases the proportion of population in urban area
- access to better healthcare means these people generally live longer which increases life expectancy
What is a megacity and how many people are needed for it to be a megacity?
a metropolitan area with a total population in excess of 10 million people
Why are megacities getting bigger?
- rural โ> urban migration
- LIC cities have more jobs (factories)
- natural increase
