Energy Production - Lipids Flashcards
What are the 3 classes of lipids?
- Fatty acids
- Hydroxy-methyl-glutaric Acids (6C)
- Vitamins (dietary)
Describe 3 characteristics of Triacylglycerols (TAG)
- Hydrophobic
- Stored in anhydrous form
- Stored in Adipose
- Storage/Mobilisation under hormonal control
- Transported by lipoproteins
- Metabolised in GI tract by pancreatic lipases
What is the name given to fatty acids packaged into lipoprotein molecules?
Chylomicrons
How are fatty acids transported when released?
Carried by albumin
What form are fatty acids stored as?
Triglycerides
What is the relationship between low extracellular glucose and fatty acids?
Fatty acids are released as an alternative fuel
What are the 3 types of fatty acids?
- Saturated
- Unsaturated
- Amphipathic
What activates fatty acid catabolism?
Fatty acids linking to Coenzyme A (Fatty Acyl CoA Synthase)
How are fatty acids transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
By Canitine Shuttle
What type of reaction is fatty acid catabolism and what does it need to occur?
- Series of oxidative reactions removing 2 carbons
- Needs ATP and O2
What does the Carnitine Shuttle control?
Rate of fatty acid oxidation
What reaction occurs in the Carnitine Shuttle?
Cat 1 enzyme converts:
Acetyl CoA to CoA
Carnitine to Acyl Carnitine
Where does fatty acid metabolism not occur?
In brain and RBCs
Where is glycerol metabolised?
Liver
What is the most important intermediate in catabolic and anabolic pathways?
Acetyl CoA
