Energy generation and storage Flashcards
what are fossil fuels an example of
finite resources
what are the 3 fossil fuels
- oil
- coal
- natural gas
how does coal produce electricity
- It’s crushed
- The hot coal heats water, turning it into steam
- The steam builds up to a very high pressure and this is used to spin a turbine
- The turbine is connected to an electrical generator, which creates electricity
advantages of fossil fuels
- generates a lot of energy
- reliable
- cost effective
disadvantages of coal
- finite, will eventually run out
- Produces carbon dioxide when burned, contributing to global warming
- Damage is caused to natural land when mining takes place
advantages of gas
emits less CO2 than oil and coal
disadvantages of gas
- highly flammable
- extraction of gas may pollute water
how is gas obtained
using fracking and breaking rocks
how is nuclear power generated
using nuclear fission, the energy from the splitting is used to convert water into super-heated steam. This spins turbines connected to electrical generators to produce electricity
advantages of nuclear power
- no harmful gases are released in the process
- more efficient than fossil fuels
disadvantages of nuclear power
- Nuclear power stations have to close after around 40 years of use when the uranium becomes less efficient at heating the water
- Disposal of uranium is difficult and costly
- Cost of nuclear power stations is very large
examples of renewable energy
- wind
- solar
- biomass
- tidal
- hydroelectric
examples of renewable energy
- wind
- solar
- biomass
- tidal
- hydroelectric
how is wind power generated
blades turn with the wind, driving a generator, which produces the electricity.
disadvantages of solar and wind
weather dependent
advantages of renewable
- less environmental impact
- low costs after initial
disadvantages of renewable
- initial costs are quite high
- some are weather dependent
- some may disrupt habitats
- some look ugly
properties of alkaline batteries
- disposable, non - rechargeable, once they go flat, they can’t be used again
- recyclable,
- last a long time
- leaks less than some disposable batteries which helps to reduce their environmental impact
properties of alkaline batteries
- disposable, non - rechargeable, once they go flat, they can’t be used again
- recyclable,
- last a long time
- leaks less than some disposable batteries which helps to reduce their environmental impact
how many volts do AA and AAA batteries produce
1.5V
how many volts do PP3 batteries produce
9V
properties of rechargeable batteries
- can be recharged and reused after it goes flat
- are more expensive to purchase than single-use batteries
- ## more environmentally friendly as they can be used more than once
where are alkaline batteries used
in toys, remote controls, torches, clocks
where are rechargeable batteries used
mobile hones, laptops, electric cars
why are batteries potentially harmful for the environment
because they contain harmful chemicals and metals
what are kinetic pumped storage systems
a fast-acting electrical energy storage system to top up the National Grid power supply at peak times when more electricity is needed.
how do kinetic pumped storage systems work
having two reservoirs and a hydroelectric dam system
properties of alkaline batteries
- disposable, non - rechargeable, once they go flat, they can’t be used again
- recyclable,
- last a long time
- leaks less than some disposable batteries which helps to reduce their environmental impact
examples of renewable energy
- wind
- solar
- biomass
- tidal
- hydroelectric
examples of renewable energy
- wind
- solar
- biomass
- tidal
- hydroelectric
