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DT GCSE AQA > Energy generation and storage > Flashcards

Energy generation and storage Flashcards

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1
Q

what are fossil fuels an example of

A

finite resources

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2
Q

what are the 3 fossil fuels

A
  • oil
  • coal
  • natural gas
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3
Q

how does coal produce electricity

A
  1. It’s crushed
  2. The hot coal heats water, turning it into steam
  3. The steam builds up to a very high pressure and this is used to spin a turbine
  4. The turbine is connected to an electrical generator, which creates electricity
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4
Q

advantages of fossil fuels

A
  • generates a lot of energy
  • reliable
  • cost effective
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5
Q

disadvantages of coal

A
  • finite, will eventually run out
  • Produces carbon dioxide when burned, contributing to global warming
  • Damage is caused to natural land when mining takes place
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6
Q

advantages of gas

A

emits less CO2 than oil and coal

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7
Q

disadvantages of gas

A
  • highly flammable
  • extraction of gas may pollute water
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8
Q

how is gas obtained

A

using fracking and breaking rocks

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9
Q

how is nuclear power generated

A

using nuclear fission, the energy from the splitting is used to convert water into super-heated steam. This spins turbines connected to electrical generators to produce electricity

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10
Q

advantages of nuclear power

A
  • no harmful gases are released in the process
  • more efficient than fossil fuels
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11
Q

disadvantages of nuclear power

A
  • Nuclear power stations have to close after around 40 years of use when the uranium becomes less efficient at heating the water
  • Disposal of uranium is difficult and costly
  • Cost of nuclear power stations is very large
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12
Q

examples of renewable energy

A
  • wind
  • solar
  • biomass
  • tidal
  • hydroelectric
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13
Q

examples of renewable energy

A
  • wind
  • solar
  • biomass
  • tidal
  • hydroelectric
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14
Q

how is wind power generated

A

blades turn with the wind, driving a generator, which produces the electricity.

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15
Q

disadvantages of solar and wind

A

weather dependent

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16
Q

advantages of renewable

A
  • less environmental impact
  • low costs after initial
17
Q

disadvantages of renewable

A
  • initial costs are quite high
  • some are weather dependent
  • some may disrupt habitats
  • some look ugly
18
Q

properties of alkaline batteries

A
  • disposable, non - rechargeable, once they go flat, they can’t be used again
  • recyclable,
  • last a long time
  • leaks less than some disposable batteries which helps to reduce their environmental impact
19
Q

properties of alkaline batteries

A
  • disposable, non - rechargeable, once they go flat, they can’t be used again
  • recyclable,
  • last a long time
  • leaks less than some disposable batteries which helps to reduce their environmental impact
20
Q

how many volts do AA and AAA batteries produce

A

1.5V

21
Q

how many volts do PP3 batteries produce

A

9V

22
Q

properties of rechargeable batteries

A
  • can be recharged and reused after it goes flat
  • are more expensive to purchase than single-use batteries
  • ## more environmentally friendly as they can be used more than once
23
Q

where are alkaline batteries used

A

in toys, remote controls, torches, clocks

24
Q

where are rechargeable batteries used

A

mobile hones, laptops, electric cars

25
Q

why are batteries potentially harmful for the environment

A

because they contain harmful chemicals and metals

26
Q

what are kinetic pumped storage systems

A

a fast-acting electrical energy storage system to top up the National Grid power supply at peak times when more electricity is needed.

27
Q

how do kinetic pumped storage systems work

A

having two reservoirs and a hydroelectric dam system

28
Q

properties of alkaline batteries

A
  • disposable, non - rechargeable, once they go flat, they can’t be used again
  • recyclable,
  • last a long time
  • leaks less than some disposable batteries which helps to reduce their environmental impact
29
Q

examples of renewable energy

A
  • wind
  • solar
  • biomass
  • tidal
  • hydroelectric
30
Q

examples of renewable energy

A
  • wind
  • solar
  • biomass
  • tidal
  • hydroelectric

DT GCSE AQA (31 decks)

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