Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Question 1

What is the difference between external and internal work performed by the body?

Question 2

Where does the energy used in internal work eventually go?

Question 3

What is metabolic rate? Is it constant?

Question 4

Does muscular tone produce body heat? Or only active movement of skeletal muscles?

Question 5

What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)? What largely determines the BMR?

Question 6

What is the difference between a positive, negative or neutral energy balance?

Question 7

Where is the arcuate nucleus and why is it important?

Question 8

What are the general functions of neuropeptide Y and melanocortins?

Question 9

Does neuropeptide Y suppress or increase appetite? How about melanocortins? How
about insulin? How about leptin?

Question 10

What are adipokines?

Question 11

Why do we stop eating before the nutrients in a meal actually enter the bloodstream?
How does our body know to stop?

Question 12

What is the body’s core temperature maintained at? Why is it important to maintain core
temperature?

Question 13

What are the various processes by which heat is exchanged between the body and
environment?

Question 14

What are sources of heat input to the body?

Question 15

What detects changes in core temperature? How about changes in skin temperature?
Where in the brain is this information sent?

Question 16

Could you describe what compensations the body might produce for an increase in core
temperature? How about for a decrease in core temperature?

Question 17

What does the thermoneutral zone mean?

Question 18

What is hypothermia and hyperthermia?

Question 19

What is heat exhaustion? How does it differ from heat stroke?