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Cellular Biology and Biochemistry > Energetics of protein action > Flashcards

Energetics of protein action Flashcards

1
Q

How does pH affect vMax?

A

Vmax will vary with pH

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2
Q

When during enzyme catalysis is Gibbs free energy highest?

A

When the enzyme-substrate complex forms

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3
Q

What are hydrolyses?

A

Hydrolytic cleavages

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4
Q

What are polymerases?

A

Polymerisation reactions

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5
Q

What are synthases?

A

Synthesis

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6
Q

What are kinases and phosphatases?

A

Add phosphate

Remove phosphate

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7
Q

What are isomerases?

A

Rearrangements

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8
Q

What are oxido-reductases?

A

Oxidise substrate

Reduce substrate

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9
Q

What are ATPases?

A

Use ATP

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10
Q

What can an active site be divided into?

A

Residues that interact

Catalytic residues

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11
Q

What are the four things present in the different stages of a enzyme reaction?

A

Substrate + Enzyme
Substrate + Enzyme complex
Substrate + Product complex
Substrate + Produt

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12
Q

What is the name of the three processes in the progress of a reaction?

A

Binding
Catalysis
Release

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13
Q

What drives biochemical reactions?

A

Changes in free energy

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14
Q

What makes a reaction spontaneous?

A

Negative value of deltaG

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15
Q

How can we overcome the obstacle of non-spontaneous reactions?

A

Coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions

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16
Q

What factors affect catalysis?

A

Localisation of substrate
Orientation of substrate
Binding energy of substrate
Catalytic residues on protein framework

17
Q

What is a transition state?

A

The state between substrate and products

18
Q

How does the enzyme affect transition state?

A

The enzyme brings the substrate towards the transition state

19
Q

What could be a source of activation energy?

A

Structural change

20
Q

What determines the overall rate of the reaction?

A

The slowest step

21
Q

What is Vmax?

A

The enzymes is fully occupied by the substrate

22
Q

What does Vmax equal?

A

Kcat x [E]t

23
Q

What is Km?

A

The substrate concentration where the reaction rate is half maximal
Michaelis constant

24
Q

What is Vo?

A

Initial rate

25
Q

How would you calculate enzyme efficiency?

A

Kcat/Km

26
Q

How do you calculate Vo?

A

Vmax[S]/Km+[S]

27
Q

What is the Michaelis Menten equation?

A

Vo=Vmax[S]/Km[S]

28
Q

What is the Lineweaver Burk equation?

A

1/Vo=Km/Vmax[S] + 1/Vmax

29
Q

What does a Lineweaver Burk plot show?

A

Plotting 1/Vo against 1/[S]
Where it crosses the X axis = -1/Km
Where it crosses the Y axis = 1/Vmax

30
Q

What happens to Km and Vmax in competitive inhibition?

A

Km increases

Vmax unaltered

31
Q

What happens to Km and Vmax in non-competitive inhibition?

A

Km unaltered

Vmax reduced

Cellular Biology and Biochemistry (22 decks)

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