endothelin

Question 1

Endothelin is a potent, long-acting vasoconstrictor and bronchoconstrictor.

which disease is important in for pathogenesis

Answer 1

It is secreted initially as a prohormone by the vascular endothelium and later converted to ET-1 by the action of endothelin converting enzyme. It acts via interaction with a G-protein linked to phospholipase C leading to calcium release.
Endothelin is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of many diseases including primary pulmonary hypertension (endothelin antagonists are now used), cardiac failure, hepatorenal syndrome and Raynaud’s.

Question 2

what promotes the release of endothelin

Answer 2

angiotensin II
ADH
hypoxia
mechanical shearing forces

Question 3

what inhibits the release of endothelin

Answer 3

nitric oxide

prostacyclin

Question 4

in example of what diseases will endothelin be raised

Answer 4

primary pulmonary hypertension
myocardial infarction
heart failure
acute kidney injury
asthma