Endoparasites Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Latin name of roundworms in dogs?

A

Toxocara Canis

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2
Q

Clinical signs of roundworms (dogs)?

A

Wins passed in faeces or vomit
Puppies show distended abdomens

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3
Q

How are roundworms (dogs) diagnosed?

A

Visual of eggs in faecal flotation sample

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4
Q

How are roundworms (dogs) treated?

A

-anthelmintic treatment starting from 2 weeks of age, then fortnightly until weaned, then monthly until 6 months of age
-deworming at least 4 times a year

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5
Q

Roundworms (dogs) lifecycle?

A

-adults inhibit small intestine and lay eggs which are passed in faeces
-eggs become infective after several weeks
-dog infected when ingest food
-eggs hatch in intestine releasing larvae than penetrate the intestine wall
-larvae coughed up and swallowed, returning to small intestine to complete lifecycle

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6
Q

What is roundworms (cats) Latin name?

A

Toxocara Cati

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7
Q

Clinical signs of roundworms (cats)?

A

-worms passed in faeces or vomit
-kittens may show respiratory signs due to migrating larvae
-cachexic with distended abdomen

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8
Q

How are roundworms (cats) diagnosed?

A

ID eggs in faecal flotation

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9
Q

How are roundworms (cats) treated?

A

-kittens from 3 weeks of age, every 2 weeks until 2 weeks post weaned, then monthly for 6 months
-adults worked 4 times a year

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10
Q

What is Latin name of lungworm?

A

Angiostrongylus Vasorum

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11
Q

Clinical signs of lungworm?

A

-heavy cough
-dysonoea
-anaemia
-depression
-anorexia
-left side heart failure
-ranges from no signs to sudden death

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12
Q

How is lungworm diagnosed?

A

-fresh faecal samples using Baermann
-bronchial lavage
-commercial serology tests

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13
Q

How is lungworm treated?

A

-anthelmintic treatment
-supportive treatment and antibiotics
-rest

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14
Q

What is lungworms lifecycle?

A

-larvae ingested by intermediate hosts
-intermediate host ingested by dog
-larvae mature into adults in pulmonary arteries and heart
-eggs hatch into lungs, then larvae coughed up and swallowed
-larvae passed in faeces

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15
Q

What is whipworms Latin name?

A

Trichuris Vulpis

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16
Q

Clinical signs of whipworm?

A

-do not display many signs
-blood stools
-weight loss
-dehydration
-anaemia

17
Q

How is whipworm diagnosed?

A

-faecal flotation test
-visualise lemon shaped eggs on examination

18
Q

How is whipworm treated?

A

Anthelmintics which are effective against T.vulpis

19
Q

What is whipworms lifecycle?

A

-eggs passed in faeces
-infective stage develops within egg in 1-2 months
-infective stages can survive in environment for years
-dogs infected ingest infective eggs from environment
-infected dogs may shed eggs for up to a year

20
Q

What is tapeworms Latin name?

A

Dipylidium Caninum

21
Q

Clinical signs of tapeworms?

A

Anal puritis

Heavy infestations- intestinal upset, poor condition and anaemia

22
Q

How is tapeworm diagnosed?

A

-feeding proglottids round anus or in fur
-eggs visible in faecal flotation

23
Q

How are tapeworms treated?

A

-paziquantel
-epsiprantel
-febrendazole

24
Q

What is tapeworms lifecycle?

A

-infected intermediate hosts are ingested
-adult tapeworms develops within the small intestine

25
What is the 3 Latin names for hookworms?
Ancylostoma Caninum Uncinaria Stenocephala Ancylostoma Tubaeforme
26
Clinical signs of hookworms?
-diarrhoea -weight loss -anaemia -skin lesions of footpads and along skin
27
How are hookworms diagnosed?
-identifying eggs in faecal flotations -can be difficult in pups as disease occurs before eggs are passed
28
How are hookworms treated?
-immunity after exposure -animals in heavy infected environments will require anthelmintic therapy to control
29
What is hookworms lifecycle?
-adult worm inhibits small intestine and lay eggs that are passed in faeces -eggs hatch in environment -larvae then ingested from environment and develop into adults within 2-3weeks
30
How can endoparasites be controlled?
-removal of dog and cat faeces -good hygiene -dogs and cats dewormed regularly -always feed commercial diets