Endoparasites Flashcards
What is the Latin name of roundworms in dogs?
Toxocara Canis
Clinical signs of roundworms (dogs)?
Wins passed in faeces or vomit
Puppies show distended abdomens
How are roundworms (dogs) diagnosed?
Visual of eggs in faecal flotation sample
How are roundworms (dogs) treated?
-anthelmintic treatment starting from 2 weeks of age, then fortnightly until weaned, then monthly until 6 months of age
-deworming at least 4 times a year
Roundworms (dogs) lifecycle?
-adults inhibit small intestine and lay eggs which are passed in faeces
-eggs become infective after several weeks
-dog infected when ingest food
-eggs hatch in intestine releasing larvae than penetrate the intestine wall
-larvae coughed up and swallowed, returning to small intestine to complete lifecycle
What is roundworms (cats) Latin name?
Toxocara Cati
Clinical signs of roundworms (cats)?
-worms passed in faeces or vomit
-kittens may show respiratory signs due to migrating larvae
-cachexic with distended abdomen
How are roundworms (cats) diagnosed?
ID eggs in faecal flotation
How are roundworms (cats) treated?
-kittens from 3 weeks of age, every 2 weeks until 2 weeks post weaned, then monthly for 6 months
-adults worked 4 times a year
What is Latin name of lungworm?
Angiostrongylus Vasorum
Clinical signs of lungworm?
-heavy cough
-dysonoea
-anaemia
-depression
-anorexia
-left side heart failure
-ranges from no signs to sudden death
How is lungworm diagnosed?
-fresh faecal samples using Baermann
-bronchial lavage
-commercial serology tests
How is lungworm treated?
-anthelmintic treatment
-supportive treatment and antibiotics
-rest
What is lungworms lifecycle?
-larvae ingested by intermediate hosts
-intermediate host ingested by dog
-larvae mature into adults in pulmonary arteries and heart
-eggs hatch into lungs, then larvae coughed up and swallowed
-larvae passed in faeces
What is whipworms Latin name?
Trichuris Vulpis
Clinical signs of whipworm?
-do not display many signs
-blood stools
-weight loss
-dehydration
-anaemia
How is whipworm diagnosed?
-faecal flotation test
-visualise lemon shaped eggs on examination
How is whipworm treated?
Anthelmintics which are effective against T.vulpis
What is whipworms lifecycle?
-eggs passed in faeces
-infective stage develops within egg in 1-2 months
-infective stages can survive in environment for years
-dogs infected ingest infective eggs from environment
-infected dogs may shed eggs for up to a year
What is tapeworms Latin name?
Dipylidium Caninum
Clinical signs of tapeworms?
Anal puritis
Heavy infestations- intestinal upset, poor condition and anaemia
How is tapeworm diagnosed?
-feeding proglottids round anus or in fur
-eggs visible in faecal flotation
How are tapeworms treated?
-paziquantel
-epsiprantel
-febrendazole
What is tapeworms lifecycle?
-infected intermediate hosts are ingested
-adult tapeworms develops within the small intestine
What is the 3 Latin names for hookworms?
Ancylostoma Caninum
Uncinaria Stenocephala
Ancylostoma Tubaeforme
Clinical signs of hookworms?
-diarrhoea
-weight loss
-anaemia
-skin lesions of footpads and along skin
How are hookworms diagnosed?
-identifying eggs in faecal flotations
-can be difficult in pups as disease occurs before eggs are passed
How are hookworms treated?
-immunity after exposure
-animals in heavy infected environments will require anthelmintic therapy to control
What is hookworms lifecycle?
-adult worm inhibits small intestine and lay eggs that are passed in faeces
-eggs hatch in environment
-larvae then ingested from environment and develop into adults within 2-3weeks
How can endoparasites be controlled?
-removal of dog and cat faeces
-good hygiene
-dogs and cats dewormed regularly
-always feed commercial diets
