Endoparasites

Question 1

What is the Latin name of roundworms in dogs?

Answer 1

Toxocara Canis

Question 2

Clinical signs of roundworms (dogs)?

Answer 2

Wins passed in faeces or vomit
Puppies show distended abdomens

Question 3

How are roundworms (dogs) diagnosed?

Answer 3

Visual of eggs in faecal flotation sample

Question 4

How are roundworms (dogs) treated?

Answer 4

-anthelmintic treatment starting from 2 weeks of age, then fortnightly until weaned, then monthly until 6 months of age
-deworming at least 4 times a year

Question 5

Roundworms (dogs) lifecycle?

Answer 5

-adults inhibit small intestine and lay eggs which are passed in faeces
-eggs become infective after several weeks
-dog infected when ingest food
-eggs hatch in intestine releasing larvae than penetrate the intestine wall
-larvae coughed up and swallowed, returning to small intestine to complete lifecycle

Question 6

What is roundworms (cats) Latin name?

Answer 6

Toxocara Cati

Question 7

Clinical signs of roundworms (cats)?

Answer 7

-worms passed in faeces or vomit
-kittens may show respiratory signs due to migrating larvae
-cachexic with distended abdomen

Question 8

How are roundworms (cats) diagnosed?

Answer 8

ID eggs in faecal flotation

Question 9

How are roundworms (cats) treated?

Answer 9

-kittens from 3 weeks of age, every 2 weeks until 2 weeks post weaned, then monthly for 6 months
-adults worked 4 times a year

Question 10

What is Latin name of lungworm?

Answer 10

Angiostrongylus Vasorum

Question 11

Clinical signs of lungworm?

Answer 11

-heavy cough
-dysonoea
-anaemia
-depression
-anorexia
-left side heart failure
-ranges from no signs to sudden death

Question 12

How is lungworm diagnosed?

Answer 12

-fresh faecal samples using Baermann
-bronchial lavage
-commercial serology tests

Question 13

How is lungworm treated?

Answer 13

-anthelmintic treatment
-supportive treatment and antibiotics
-rest

Question 14

What is lungworms lifecycle?

Answer 14

-larvae ingested by intermediate hosts
-intermediate host ingested by dog
-larvae mature into adults in pulmonary arteries and heart
-eggs hatch into lungs, then larvae coughed up and swallowed
-larvae passed in faeces

Question 15

What is whipworms Latin name?

Answer 15

Trichuris Vulpis

Question 16

Clinical signs of whipworm?

Answer 16

-do not display many signs
-blood stools
-weight loss
-dehydration
-anaemia

Question 17

How is whipworm diagnosed?

Answer 17

-faecal flotation test
-visualise lemon shaped eggs on examination

Question 18

How is whipworm treated?

Answer 18

Anthelmintics which are effective against T.vulpis

Question 19

What is whipworms lifecycle?

Answer 19

-eggs passed in faeces
-infective stage develops within egg in 1-2 months
-infective stages can survive in environment for years
-dogs infected ingest infective eggs from environment
-infected dogs may shed eggs for up to a year

Question 20

What is tapeworms Latin name?

Answer 20

Dipylidium Caninum

Question 21

Clinical signs of tapeworms?

Answer 21

Anal puritis

Heavy infestations- intestinal upset, poor condition and anaemia

Question 22

How is tapeworm diagnosed?

Answer 22

-feeding proglottids round anus or in fur
-eggs visible in faecal flotation

Question 23

How are tapeworms treated?

Answer 23

-paziquantel
-epsiprantel
-febrendazole

Question 24

What is tapeworms lifecycle?

Answer 24

-infected intermediate hosts are ingested
-adult tapeworms develops within the small intestine

Question 25

What is the 3 Latin names for hookworms?

Answer 25

Ancylostoma Caninum

Uncinaria Stenocephala

Ancylostoma Tubaeforme

Question 26

Clinical signs of hookworms?

Answer 26

-diarrhoea
-weight loss
-anaemia
-skin lesions of footpads and along skin

Question 27

How are hookworms diagnosed?

Answer 27

-identifying eggs in faecal flotations
-can be difficult in pups as disease occurs before eggs are passed

Question 28

How are hookworms treated?

Answer 28

-immunity after exposure
-animals in heavy infected environments will require anthelmintic therapy to control

Question 29

What is hookworms lifecycle?

Answer 29

-adult worm inhibits small intestine and lay eggs that are passed in faeces
-eggs hatch in environment
-larvae then ingested from environment and develop into adults within 2-3weeks

Question 30

How can endoparasites be controlled?

Answer 30

-removal of dog and cat faeces
-good hygiene
-dogs and cats dewormed regularly
-always feed commercial diets