Endocrine & Reproduction Flashcards
What are the 6 hormones of the anterior pituitary (FLATPIG)?
- FSH
- LH
- ACTH
- TSH
- Prolactin
- GH
What is the function of FSH?
Stimulates germ cell development
What is the function of LH?
Stimulates release of hormones
Oestradiol and progesterone in women
Testosterone in men
What is the function of ACTH?
Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol in response to stress
What is the function of TSH?
Stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete T3 and T4
What is the function of Prolactin?
Stimulates mammary glands to produce milk
What is the function of GH?
Stimulates growth and protein synthesis
What are incretins?
Substances secreted by endothelial cells in the GI tract, to increase the effect of insulin in response to glucose
Name two incretins
- GLP-1 (Glucagon like peptide)
2. GIP (Glucagon dependent insulinotropic peptide)
What connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus?
The infundibulum
What hormones are synthesised by the posterior pituitary?
None
What level is the thyroid gland found at?
C5-T1
What connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland?
The isthmus
What arteries supply the thyroid gland?
Superior thyroid artery (from external carotid)
Inferior thyroid artery (from thyrocervical trunk of subclavian)
What are the functions of thyroxine?
Growth, heat production, metabolism, sympathetic action
What ligament attaches the uterus to the pelvic wall?
Broad ligament
What ligament attaches the ovaries to the uterus?
Ovarian ligament
What ligament maintains the anteverted position of the uterus?
Round ligament
What ligament connects the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall?
Cardinal ligament
What ligament connects the cervix to the sacrum?
Uterosacral ligament
What is the pathway for sperm to the outside?
- Seminiferous tubules
- Rete testis
- Efferent ducts
- Epididymis
- Vas deferens
- Ejaculatory duct
- Urethra (Prostatic, membranous, penile)
What are the function of Sertoli cells?
Site of sperm production
Also release MIF and Inhibin
What are the function of Granulosa cells?
Convert androgens into oestrogen using aromatase
What are the function of Leydig cells?
Produce testosterone
What are the function of theca cells?
Produce androgens which will be converted to oestrogen
