Endocrine Pancreas

Question 1

What cells are responsible for producing glucagon?

Answer 1

Alfa cells

Question 2

What cells are responsible for producing insulin?

Answer 2

B cells

Question 3

What cells are responsible for producing somatostatin?

Answer 3

Delta cells

Question 4

What glucose transporter is insulin sensitive?

Answer 4

GLUT4

Question 5

What glucose transporter is important for glucose entrance into the beta cell?

Answer 5

GLUT2 (insulin independent )

Question 6

What phase of insulin secretion requires synthesis of new insulin by beta cells?

Answer 6

Chronic phase

Question 7

What is the acute phase of insulin secretion by beta cells

Answer 7

Preformed insulin inside of vesicles is released from the beta cells

Question 8

What type of receptor does insulin bind?

Answer 8

Tyrosine kinase

Question 9

What hormone is released after hypoglycemia

Answer 9

Catecholamine

Question 10

Under insulin action, what is the main function of the liver?

Answer 10

Decrease gluconeogenesis

Question 11

What hormone is stimulated by hyperglycemia

Answer 11

Insulin

Question 12

What polypeptide hormone induces ketogenesis in the liver and is released after protein ingestion in carnivores?

Answer 12

Glucagon

Question 13

Where does gluconeogenesis take place?

Answer 13

Liver and kidney

Question 14

What enzyme is responsible for the release of FFA and glycerol in the blood during diabetes

Answer 14

Hormone-sensitive lipase

Question 15

What type of diabetes is caused by a complete lack of lnsuin production leading to hyperglycemia

Answer 15

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 16

Decreased glucose uptake by muscle and adipose tissue, and increased gluconeogenesis leads to _________

Answer 16

Hyperglycemia

Question 17

What hormone produced by the beta cells can aggregate causing irreverence beta cell damage in cats?

Answer 17

Amylin

Question 18

What is the response of beta cells in the early stages of insulin resistance?

Answer 18

Increase insulin production

Question 19

In what type of diabetes is associated with obesity leading to decreased insulin sensitivity

Answer 19

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Question 20

What are the reversible and irreversible type 2 diabetes mellitus

Answer 20

Irreversible: amyloidosis (increased insulin production due to reduced sensitivity increased amylin deposits)

Reversible: glucotoxicity

Question 21

What are the three ketone bodies?

Answer 21

Acetoacetate
Beta hydroxybutirate
Acetone

Question 22

Production of ketone bodies is stimulated by ?

Answer 22

Glucagon