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RUSVM Physio II *TWO* > Endocrine Pancreas > Flashcards

Endocrine Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

What cells are responsible for producing glucagon?

A

Alfa cells

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2
Q

What cells are responsible for producing insulin?

A

B cells

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3
Q

What cells are responsible for producing somatostatin?

A

Delta cells

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4
Q

What glucose transporter is insulin sensitive?

A

GLUT4

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5
Q

What glucose transporter is important for glucose entrance into the beta cell?

A

GLUT2 (insulin independent )

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6
Q

What phase of insulin secretion requires synthesis of new insulin by beta cells?

A

Chronic phase

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7
Q

What is the acute phase of insulin secretion by beta cells

A

Preformed insulin inside of vesicles is released from the beta cells

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8
Q

What type of receptor does insulin bind?

A

Tyrosine kinase

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9
Q

What hormone is released after hypoglycemia

A

Catecholamine

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10
Q

Under insulin action, what is the main function of the liver?

A

Decrease gluconeogenesis

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11
Q

What hormone is stimulated by hyperglycemia

A

Insulin

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12
Q

What polypeptide hormone induces ketogenesis in the liver and is released after protein ingestion in carnivores?

A

Glucagon

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13
Q

Where does gluconeogenesis take place?

A

Liver and kidney

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14
Q

What enzyme is responsible for the release of FFA and glycerol in the blood during diabetes

A

Hormone-sensitive lipase

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15
Q

What type of diabetes is caused by a complete lack of lnsuin production leading to hyperglycemia

A

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

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16
Q

Decreased glucose uptake by muscle and adipose tissue, and increased gluconeogenesis leads to _________

A

Hyperglycemia

17
Q

What hormone produced by the beta cells can aggregate causing irreverence beta cell damage in cats?

A

Amylin

18
Q

What is the response of beta cells in the early stages of insulin resistance?

A

Increase insulin production

19
Q

In what type of diabetes is associated with obesity leading to decreased insulin sensitivity

A

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

20
Q

What are the reversible and irreversible type 2 diabetes mellitus

A

Irreversible: amyloidosis (increased insulin production due to reduced sensitivity increased amylin deposits)

Reversible: glucotoxicity

21
Q

What are the three ketone bodies?

A

Acetoacetate
Beta hydroxybutirate
Acetone

22
Q

Production of ketone bodies is stimulated by ?

A

Glucagon

RUSVM Physio II *TWO* (11 decks)

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