Endocrine & NS Quiz Flashcards
What would be the effect of damage to the auditory association area in the left hemisphere?
Inability to understand what is heard
Which of the following conditions is NOT part of the criteria for a declaration of “brain death”?
Absence of all reflexes
No spontaneous respirations
Presence of any head injury
No activity on EEG
Presence of any head injury
What is the rationale for vomiting in a patient who has increased intracranial pressure?
Pressure on the emetic center in the medulla
All of the following apply to tetanus infection EXCEPT:
the exotoxin causes strong skeletal muscle spasms.
death usually results from respiratory failure.
it is caused by an anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus.
signs of fever, vomiting, stiff neck, and paralysis.
signs of fever, vomiting, stiff neck, and paralysis.
With regard to meningitis, choose the correct combination of microbe and the age group commonly affected.
N. meningitides: children and youth
Typical signs of a TIA include:
transient muscle weakness in a hand or leg.
What characteristic is common to all individuals with cerebral palsy?
Some degree of motor disability
Which of the following are common early manifestations of Parkinson’s disease?
Tremors at rest in the hands and repetitive motion of the hands
What causes a herniated intervertebral disc?
A protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through the annulus fibrosis
Which class of drugs may provide temporary improvement in cases of myasthenia gravis?
Anticholinesterase agents
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a common contributing factor to AIDS dementia?
Development of cerebral lymphoma
Development of arteriosclerosis
Secondary toxoplasmosis infection
Invasion of the central nervous system by HIV
Development of arteriosclerosis
What kind of control mechanism is indicated when increased blood glucose levels stimulate increased secretion of insulin?
Negative feedback control
Type 1 diabetes mellitus onset often occurs:
during childhood.
What is the cause of diabetic ketoacidosis?
Increased catabolism of fats and proteins
Immediate treatment for insulin shock may include:
consumption of fruit juice or candy.
Which of the following does NOT usually develop as a complication of diabetes?
Impotence
Osteoporosis
Peripheral neuropathy
Nephropathy
Osteoporosis
Which of the following applies to diabetic macro-angiography?
1. It affects the small arteries and arterioles.
2. It is related to elevated serum lipids.
3. It leads to increased risk of myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular disease.
4. It frequently causes damage to the kidneys.
2, 3
Which hormonal imbalances causes Addison’s disease?
Decreased glucocorticoids
What is caused by hyperparathyroidism?
Bone demineralization
Characteristics of Cushing’s syndrome include all of the following EXCEPT:
Staring eyes with infrequent blinking
Atrophied skeletal muscle in the limbs
Atrophy of the lymph nodes
Heavy body and round face
Staring eyes with infrequent blinking
What is the most common cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Destruction of pancreatic cells by an autoimmune reaction
What is/are the effect(s) of thyrotoxic crisis?
Hyperthermia and heart failure
Which of the following is recommended for immediate treatment of hypoglycemic shock?
1. If conscious, immediately give sweet fruit juice, honey, candy, or sugar.
2. If unconscious, give nothing by mouth (require intravenous glucose 50%).
3. Treat immediately with insulin.
4. Give large quantity of clear fluids for shock.
1,2
What often causes hyperparathyroidism?
Radiation involving the thyroid gland and neck area
Which of the following is caused by Graves’ disease?
Hypermetabolism
What may occur with a pituitary adenoma?
Headache and seizures
What may cause high serum levels of parathyroid hormone?
Chronic renal failure
Diabetic retinopathy results from:
obstruction or rupture of retinal blood vessels.
