Endocrine & NS Quiz

Question 1

What would be the effect of damage to the auditory association area in the left hemisphere?

Answer 1

Inability to understand what is heard

Question 2

Which of the following conditions is NOT part of the criteria for a declaration of “brain death”?

Absence of all reflexes
No spontaneous respirations
Presence of any head injury
No activity on EEG

Answer 2

Presence of any head injury

Question 3

What is the rationale for vomiting in a patient who has increased intracranial pressure?

Answer 3

Pressure on the emetic center in the medulla

Question 4

All of the following apply to tetanus infection EXCEPT:

the exotoxin causes strong skeletal muscle spasms.
death usually results from respiratory failure.
it is caused by an anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus.
signs of fever, vomiting, stiff neck, and paralysis.

Answer 4

signs of fever, vomiting, stiff neck, and paralysis.

Question 5

With regard to meningitis, choose the correct combination of microbe and the age group commonly affected.

Answer 5

N. meningitides: children and youth

Question 6

Typical signs of a TIA include:

Answer 6

transient muscle weakness in a hand or leg.

Question 7

What characteristic is common to all individuals with cerebral palsy?

Answer 7

Some degree of motor disability

Question 8

Which of the following are common early manifestations of Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 8

Tremors at rest in the hands and repetitive motion of the hands

Question 9

What causes a herniated intervertebral disc?

Answer 9

A protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through the annulus fibrosis

Question 10

Which class of drugs may provide temporary improvement in cases of myasthenia gravis?

Answer 10

Anticholinesterase agents

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT considered to be a common contributing factor to AIDS dementia?

Development of cerebral lymphoma
Development of arteriosclerosis
Secondary toxoplasmosis infection
Invasion of the central nervous system by HIV

Answer 11

Development of arteriosclerosis

Question 12

What kind of control mechanism is indicated when increased blood glucose levels stimulate increased secretion of insulin?

Answer 12

Negative feedback control

Question 13

Type 1 diabetes mellitus onset often occurs:

Answer 13

during childhood.

Question 14

What is the cause of diabetic ketoacidosis?

Answer 14

Increased catabolism of fats and proteins

Question 15

Immediate treatment for insulin shock may include:

Answer 15

consumption of fruit juice or candy.

Question 16

Which of the following does NOT usually develop as a complication of diabetes?

Impotence
Osteoporosis
Peripheral neuropathy
Nephropathy

Answer 16

Osteoporosis

Question 17

Which of the following applies to diabetic macro-angiography?
1. It affects the small arteries and arterioles.
2. It is related to elevated serum lipids.
3. It leads to increased risk of myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular disease.
4. It frequently causes damage to the kidneys.

Answer 17

2, 3

Question 18

Which hormonal imbalances causes Addison’s disease?

Answer 18

Decreased glucocorticoids

Question 19

What is caused by hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 19

Bone demineralization

Question 20

Characteristics of Cushing’s syndrome include all of the following EXCEPT:

Staring eyes with infrequent blinking
Atrophied skeletal muscle in the limbs
Atrophy of the lymph nodes
Heavy body and round face

Answer 20

Staring eyes with infrequent blinking

Question 21

What is the most common cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Answer 21

Destruction of pancreatic cells by an autoimmune reaction

Question 22

What is/are the effect(s) of thyrotoxic crisis?

Answer 22

Hyperthermia and heart failure

Question 23

Which of the following is recommended for immediate treatment of hypoglycemic shock?
1. If conscious, immediately give sweet fruit juice, honey, candy, or sugar.
2. If unconscious, give nothing by mouth (require intravenous glucose 50%).
3. Treat immediately with insulin.
4. Give large quantity of clear fluids for shock.

Answer 23

1,2

Question 24

What often causes hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 24

Radiation involving the thyroid gland and neck area

Question 25

Which of the following is caused by Graves’ disease?

Answer 25

Hypermetabolism

Question 26

What may occur with a pituitary adenoma?

Answer 26

Headache and seizures

Question 27

What may cause high serum levels of parathyroid hormone?

Answer 27

Chronic renal failure

Question 28

Diabetic retinopathy results from:

Answer 28

obstruction or rupture of retinal blood vessels.