Endocrine Glands

Question 1

What do glands secrete?

Answer 1

Hormones

Question 2

What things do hormones regulate? (4)

Answer 2

Metabolism, growth, reproduction and stress response

Question 3

Endocrine glands in the head?

Answer 3

Hypothalamus and pituitary glands

Question 4

Endocrine glands in the neck?

Answer 4

4 parathyroid glands and thyroid gland

Question 5

Endocrine glands in the abdomen?

Answer 5

2 adrenal glands and pancreas

Question 6

Endocrine glands specific to sex?

Answer 6

Ovaries/testes

Question 7

Where is the hypothalamus?

Answer 7

Diencephalon (anterior part)

Question 8

Where is the pituitary gland?

Answer 8

The pituitary fossa of the sphenoid bone (in front of hypothalamus)

Question 9

What is the pituitary gland split into?

Answer 9

Anterior and posterior lobe

Question 10

What does the posterior pituitary produce?

Answer 10

Vasopressin (ADH)

Question 11

What does the anterior pituitary produce?

Answer 11

growth hormone, prolactin (milk production), TSH etc.

Question 12

Thyroid gland uses what to produce its hormones?

Answer 12

iodine

Question 13

Thyroid produces which 2 hormones?

Answer 13

T3 and T4 (regulate metabolism and growth)

Question 14

What is an enlarged thyroid gland called and why does it happen?

Answer 14

Goitre

Lack of dietary iodine

Question 15

What is the isthmus of the thyroid gland?

Answer 15

Area attaching the right and left lobes, anterior to trachea

Question 16

How many parathyroid glands are there?

Answer 16

4

Question 17

What do the parathyroid glands produce and what is this for?

Answer 17

parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Controls the amount of calcium in blood and bone

Question 18

Which arteries supply the thyroid and parathyroid?

Answer 18

Left and right superior and inferior thyroid arteries

Question 19

Which veins drain the thyroid and parathyroid?

Answer 19

Right and left superior middle & inferior thyroid veins

Question 20

Is the pancreas retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?

Answer 20

Retroperitoneal

Question 21

Which vertebra does the pancreas overlie?

Answer 21

L1 + L2

Question 22

Which arteries supply the pancreas?

Answer 22

Coeliac trunk and superior mesenteric artery

Question 23

Which veins drain the pancreas?

Answer 23

Splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein–> hepatic portal vein

Question 24

What does the pancreas produce?

Answer 24

insulin (endocrine) and digestive enzymes (exocrine)

Question 25

Where are the adrenal glands?

Answer 25

On top of kidneys

Question 26

Where are adrenaline and noradrenaline produced?

Answer 26

Medulla of adrenal glands

Question 27

Which arteries supply the adrenal gland?

Answer 27

Superior, middle and inferior suprarenal arteries

Question 28

Which veins drain the adrenal gland?

Answer 28

Suprarenal vein

Question 29

Where do the gonadal arteries come off the aorta?

Answer 29

L2