Endocrine diagnosis (Yr2) Flashcards
why does insufficient iodine cause goitre?
means a reduction in thyroid hormone synthesis and hence rise in plasma thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) which leads to hypertrophy of the cell
what is euthyroid sick syndrome?
normal physiological response during illness (non-thyroid related) that causes a reduce total T4
how can euthyroid sick syndrome be differentiate from genuine hypothyroidism?
free T4
what are the most useful tests for diagnosis of hypothyroidism in dogs?
serum TSH and total T4
what is the best initial test for diagnosis of hyperthyroidism in cats?
total T4 (thyroxine)
what tests should you follow up with after a total T4 in hyperthyroid cats?
free T4
T3 suppression test
what are the two types of diabetes?
- absolute deficiency in insulin (insulin dependant)
- reduced sensitivity to insulin (non-insulin dependant)
what is hyperadrenocorticism also known as?
cushings
what is hypoadrenocorticism also known as?
Addisons
what specific tests are available for diagnosis of abnormalities relating to adrenal function?
baseline cortisol
endogenous ACTH
low dose dexamethasone suppression test
ACTH stimulation test
what causes disorders of calcium metabolism?
primary hypoparathyroidism
primary hyperthyroidism (tumour)
secondary hyperthyroidism (nutritional or renal)
hypercalaemia of malignancy
what is the physiologically active form of calcium?
ionised calcium (protein bound is inactive)
what can affect the protein bound calcium?
factors such as blood albumin concentration and acid base status
