Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Disease Profiles > Endocrine - Diabetes + Complications > Flashcards

Endocrine - Diabetes + Complications Flashcards

1
Q

Definition - Alcoholic Ketoacidosis

A

Build up of ketones due to lack of insulin production due to excessive alcohol consumption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Presentation - Alcoholic Ketoacidosis

A

Abdominal pain
Agitation
Confusion
Dehydration
Kussmaul’s breathing
N+V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Kussmaul’s sign?

A

Irregular, deep and rapid breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diagnosis - Alcoholic Ketoacidosis

A

Blood ketones high
ABGs
Blood alcohol test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ABG result - Alcoholic Ketoacidosis

A

Metabolic acidosis with a raised anion gap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Management - Alcoholic Ketoacidosis

A

IV fluids (Saline + thiamine)
ICU admission often needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Complications - Alcoholic Ketoacidosis

A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Coma
Can be fatal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Definition - Autonomic Neuropathy

A

Neuropathy affecting nerves that regulate internal functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Presentation - Autonomic Neuropathy

A

Changes in bowel habit
Dysphagia
Gastroparesis
Postural hypotension
Sweating
Tachycardia
Urinary issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Management - Autonomic Neuropathy

A

Symptomatic as required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Definition - Charcot Arthropathy

A

A destructive inflammatory process causing bony destruction and deformity of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes - Charcot Arthropathy

A

Alcoholism
Diabetes
Leprosy
Syphillis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Presentation - Charcot Arthropathy

A

Hot, swollen, red foot
Severe foot + ankle deformities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diagnosis - Charcot Arthropathy

A

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Management - Charcot Arthropathy

A

Total contact cast or air boot to stop weight bearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Complications - Charcot Arthropathy

A

Serious, permanent deformities
Instability

17
Q

Phases - Charcot Arthropathy

A

Active destruction for 3 months
Healing phase for 4-8 months
Chronic phase for around 8 months

18
Q

Definition - DKA

A

A state of uncontrolled catabolism in which ketone bodies are formed

19
Q

Most common precipitants - DKA

A

Infection
Missed insulin doses
MI

20
Q

Causes of increased insulin demand

A

The “5 I’s” = infections, inflammation, intoxication, infarction, iatrogenic

21
Q

Presentation - DKA

A

Abdominal pain
Altered conscious level
SOOB
Confusion
Fatigue
Polyuria + polydipsia
N+V

22
Q

Diagnostic Criteria - DKA

A

Glucose >11 or known diabetes
pH <7.3
Bicarbonate <15mmol/L
Ketones >3mmol/L or urine ketones ++

23
Q

Management - DKA (FIG-PICK)

A

Fluids
Insulin infusion
Glucose monitorring
Potassium monitoring
Identify + treat triggers
Chart fluid balance
Ketone monitoring

24
Q

Insulin Dose - DKA

A

0.1 units/kg/hour

25
Q

Complications - DKA

A

ARDS
Aspiration pneumonia
Cardiac arrest
Cerebral oedema
Hypokalaemia

26
Q

Resolution Criteria - DKA

A

pH >7.3
Blood ketones <0.6mmol/L
Bicarbonate >15mmol/L

Disease Profiles (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions