Endocrine

Question 1

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 1

Elevated PTH & Ca2+
Low PO43-
Short QT
“Bones, stones, moans, and psych groans”

Question 2

Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 2

Elevated PTH
Ca2+ WNL or low
d/t RF or VitD-deficiency

Question 3

Hypoparathyroidism

Answer 3

d/t Neck surg
Prolonged QT
Chvostek & Trousseau

Question 4

Graves’

Answer 4

Eye and skin manifestations

Question 5

Hyperthyroid Tx in Preg

Answer 5

PTU 1st trimester

Methimazole after

Question 6

Central Hypothyroid

Answer 6

Low TSH, low Free T4

Check adrenal fxn

Question 7

Thyroid Nodule

Answer 7

TSH
Dx: U/S
Warm nodule = benign; Cold = CA

Question 8

Cushing’s

Answer 8

d/t Pituitary adenoma, Lung tumor, or Adrenal tumor
High ACTH = pituitary or lung
Low ACTH = adrenal

Question 9

Addison’s

Answer 9

HypoNa+ and hyperK+
ACTH stimulation test: INC ACTH = adrenal; LOW ACTH = pituitary
Tx: Fludrocortisone

Question 10

Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma

Answer 10

CA if androgen or estrogen-secreting
Dx: CT scan
Tx: Surg

Question 11

Acromegaly

Answer 11

Inc GH & IGF
d/t pituitary tumor
Large hands and feet

Question 12

T1DM

Answer 12

Low C-peptide

+AB –> Beta-cell destruction

Question 13

T2DM

Answer 13

Insulin sensitivity

Tx: MXR

Question 14

DKA

Answer 14

Hypergly <1000 (usually ~350)
Anion gap metabolic acidosis
SrKetones
HypoK+
d/t T1D + infection

Question 15

HHS

Answer 15

Glu > 1000

in T2D

Question 16

Hyperlipidemia

Answer 16

Trigs > 1000 = pancreatitis

DOC: STATINS

Question 17

Prolactinemia

Answer 17

Galactorrhea, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea
Hook effect
Check hCG, TSH, MRI
Tx: Cabergoline