endocrine 3

Question 1

3 main families of hormones

Answer 1

amine derived
peptide derived
lipid/phospholipid hormones

Question 2

amine derived from

Answer 2

tyrosine
histadine
tryptophan eg throxine

Question 3

peptide hormones

water soluble

Answer 3

small peptide hormones (TRH)
protein hormones (insulin)
glycoprotein (LH)

Question 4

lipid and phospholipid

water insoluble

Answer 4

prostoglandins

steroid hormones, cholesterol, testosterone

Question 5

Kd = (hormone receptor interactions)

Answer 5

Kd= [H][L]/[HL]

Question 6

limiting step is

Answer 6

hormone binding

Question 7

secondary messengers

Answer 7

cAMP
cGMP
Ca2+ and calmodulin

Question 8

conc of hormones is determined by 3 factors

Answer 8

rate of release
rate of delivery
rate of degradation and elimination

Question 9

hydrophilic hormones

5 answers

Answer 9

cell surface transmembrane receptors
channel linked receptors
enzyme receptors (secondary messenger)
tyrosine kinase (secondary messenger)
G protein linked receptors (secondary messenger)

Question 10

hydrophobic hormones

Answer 10

cytoplasmic receptors

Question 11

problems with hormonal feedback loop

3 answers

Answer 11

active tumors of glands
loss of glands- autoimmune disease
loss response to hormone

Question 12

hypothalamic hormones to pituitary are what type of hormones

Answer 12

trophic hormones

Question 13

hormones run down the ———————- axon to the postierior piutuitary

Answer 13

paraventricular

supaventricular

Question 14

all the anterior pituitary glands hormones are ______ except __________

Answer 14

peptides

dopamine because its alanine

Question 15

all anterior pituitary glands hormones bind to _______ except ______

Answer 15

G coupling

dopamine

Question 16

ADH, Vagus— what does it reduce and trigger

Answer 16

reduces plasma volume

triggers baroreceptorsin aortic arch and carotid sinus which sends signals via nerves to CNS

Question 17

ADH causes

5 answers

Answer 17

collecting duct to insert aquaporin 2
stimulates NaCl uptake in assending loop of henle
increase vasoconstriction
increase water retention 
increase blood pressure

Question 18

oxytocin causes

Answer 18

contraction of myoepithelial cells in mammary gland for milk release
contraction of uterus during birth

Question 19

GH causes increased

Answer 19

protein production
cell division
cell size
after growth plates close, proportionate growth stops

Question 20

Gh induces what

6 answers

Answer 20

expression of somatomedins
increase cartilage and bone growth
increase lipid metabolism
decrease carbohydrate metabolism
increase AA uptake
increase RNA transcription/translation

Question 21

what regulated blood Ca2+ levels

Answer 21

parathyroid hormone