Endocrine Flashcards
addisons
low cortisol and aldosterone
low Na and high K
addisons
test for addisons
synacthin test
does not rise in addisons
other causes of adrenal insufficiency
primary addisons
secondary - pit disease, tumour, radiotherapy
cushings disease
syndrome
ectopic
pit
adrenal
SCLC
ix for cushings
dex suppression test
24 hour free cortisol
insulin stress test
CAH
21 hydroxylas lack of
conns is what
Na K
high aldosterone
high Na low K
treatment for conns
spironolactone
surgery
phaechromocytoma is what
ix
adrenal medullary tumour
24 hour urinary metanephrines
phaechromocytoma treatment
alpha blockers - phenoxybemamine
beta blocker
surgery
acromegaly investigation
IGFI
growth hormone
treatment for acromegaly
transphenoidal surgery
bromacriptine, octeotride
prolactinoma symptoms in M
W
visual field
amenorrhea, irreg periods, glactorrhoea
treatment of prolactinoma
cabergoline
brcomicriptine
hypopituitarism causes
tumours, mets, AI, infectionshy
hypopituiritism treatment
replace hormones
Type 1 DM fasting
random
over 7
over 11
if over 50 and high BMI diagnosed with DM
c peptide, DM antibodies
HBA1C target and check how frequently
target BMs waking
before meals
48
3-6m
5-7
4-7
if T1DM and BMI over 25
add metformin
MODY genetics
treatment
ADOM
low dose SU
latent AI of DM genetics
treatment
auto AB positive
oral agents
Metformin side effects
gastro
lactic acidosis
SU side effects
hypoglycaemia
increased appetite
SIADH
liver dysfunction
glitazones
increased weight
fractures
fluid
liver
DPPU gliptins
pancreatitis
target hba1c if lifestyle and metformin
on another agent
48
53
when to give GLP1
BMI over 35 and not for insulin
hypothyroid follow up
2m then annually
anti TPO
anti thyroglobulin ABs
hashimotos
moves with tongue
thyroglossal cyst
midline
soft non fluctuant
dermoid cyst
half filled water bottle
ant triangle
branchial cyst
bubbles large, lymph filled, transluminates
post triangle
cystic hygroma
normal dexa
osteopenia
osteoporosis
> -1.0
-1 to -2.5
<-2.5
if over 75 and fragility fracture
start steroids
