Endo week 9 Flashcards
Angiotensin II is produced by the ?
Angiotensin II is produced by the ?
Answer: renin-angiotensin system.
Is ACTH required for the initial step of
aldosterone synthesis?
Is ACTH required for the initial step of
aldosterone synthesis?
Answer: yes
does aldosterone have any negative feedback on ACTH secretion?
does aldosterone have any negative feedback on ACTH secretion?
Answer: no
atrial natriuretic peptide is a regulator for _____ secretion.
atrial natriuretic peptide is a regulator for __Aldosterone___ secretion.
what is responsible for the development of pubic hairs in boys and girls before puberty?
what is responsible for the development of pubic hairs in boys and girls before puberty?
Answer: androgens – Androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
Cushing’s syndrome – Primary adrenal hyperplasia. Features – ???
(hint: hpr gly, mu ws, trn ob, ospr, hpr ten, mn fa, inc ft dep)
Cushing’s syndrome – Primary adrenal hyperplasia. Features –
hyperglycemia, muscle wasting, truncal obesity, osteoporosis, hypertension, moon face, increased fat deposition at the back (buffalo hump).
Addison’s disease Features –
hint: ho gly, wk, wg loss, ho ten, hpr k, hpr pmt, ho n
Addison’s disease Features –
hypoglycaemia, weakness, weight loss, hypotension,
hyperkalemia, hyperpigmentation, hyponatremia, Plasma ACTH is elevated
_______ cells mainly secrete epinephrine plus a small amount of norepinephrine in response to preganglionic stimulation.
___Chromaffin___ cells mainly secrete epinephrine plus a small amount of norepinephrine in response to preganglionic stimulation.
Catecholamines are derived from which amino acid?
Catecholamines are derived from which amino acid?
Answer: tyrosine
How does cortisol help the conversion of epinephrine to Norepinephrine?
How does cortisol help the conversion of epinephrine to Norepinephrine?
Answer: Cortisol increases this conversion by increasing PNMT activity.
The major endocrine product released by the adrenal medulla is ____________,
whereas the major sympathetic neurotransmitter released by the adrenal medulla is ____________.
The major endocrine product released by the adrenal medulla is epinephrine,
whereas the major sympathetic neurotransmitter released is norepinephrine
Catecholamine actions are?
hint: H.A.L.L.B
Catecholamine actions are?
Answer:
- Heart: increase force of contraction, heart rate, cardiac output & blood pressure.
- Apidose tissue: lipolysis
- Liver: glycogenolysis
- Lung: bronchodilation
- Beta adrenergic mechanism: increase secretion of glucagon.
What are the 3 regions of the adrenal cortex?
what do they secrete?
What are the 3 regions of the adrenal cortex?
- zona glomerulosa, Aldosterone only
- zona fasciculata, Cortisol & some Androgens
- zona reticularis, Androgens & some Cortisol
what is the binding protein for cortisol?
does it have a long or short half-life?
What sex hormone increases the synthesis of the binding protein?
what is the binding protein for cortisol?
Answer:
Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG).
has a long half-life
Estrogen increases synthesis of CBG in liver.
is cortisol stored?
where is its receptors?
is cortisol stored? Answer: very little
where is its receptors? Answer: cytoplasm & nucleus because it is lipophilic hormone.
