Endo Drugs Flashcards
What is orlistat? What does it improve?
pancreatic lipase inhibitor
improves BP and lipid profiles
What reduces glucose absorption from the gut by preventing complex sugars from getting broken down? When to be given?
Acarbose
before meals
What is pioglitazone? Why is this bad but good?
thaizolidinediones
can take up to 12 wks to work but improved lipid profiles
What is Exenatide? How is it given?
GLP1 agonist
increases insulin ONLY when glucose is elevated
parenterally
What drug is insulin sensitizer on liver and muscle cell? Why is this drug good for DMII? Contraindicated in?
metformin
wt loss
kidney dz
Which drugs increase insulin secretion? Is it sulfo or nonsulfonylureas?
Glipizide - sulfonylurea
Repaglinide- nonsulfonylurea
What insulin is long acting? Onset? Duration?
Glargine
onset: 2-4hr
duration: 20-24hr
What insulin is intermediate acting? Onset? Duration?
NPH, isophane insulin
2-4hr; duration 10-16hr
What insulin is short acting? Onset?
regular insulin
30-60min
What are the 2 rapid acting insulin? Onset?
aspart
lispro
5-15min
Pt has initial a1c >9 -tx?
no sx: dual or triple therapy
sx: insulin
Pt has initial a1c of >7.5-tx?
lifestyle changes + dual therapy
-metformin + GLP, DPP4, Cromocriptine, AG
Pt has initial a1c of 7.5 or lower - tx?
lifestyle changes + monotherapy
- metformin
- GLP
- DPP4
- AG
What drug is contraindicated for pts w/ renal failure - DMII?
metformin
What is levothyroxine?
synthetic T4 so it can turn into T3
When should levothyroxine be taken?
empty stomach
What to be cautious about levothyroxine?
narrow therapeutic index so easy to make hyperthyroid or hypothyroid
How long does levothyroxine take to work?
4-6wks
ADR for aspart and lispro? Same as?
lipodystrophy
wt gain
same as reg insulin and glargine
ADR for Repaglinide?
CV risk
tolerance
SIADH
What antihyperglycemic has NO hypoglycemia?
biguanide/metformin
acarbose
ADR for metformin?
lactic acidosis
Who to avoid metformin in?
do not give to pts >80yo
GI prob
vitamine B12 def
ADR for exentaide?
acut epancreatitis
DI for exentaide?
warfarin
digoxin
ADR for acarbose?
flatulence and diarrhea
monitor LFT for liver toxicity
ADR for pioglitazone?
hepatoxicity -omnitor LFT
wt gain
ADR for orlistat/
vitamin A D E K def
DI for orlistat?
vitamin K
warfarin
