Endo

Question 1

Which 2 diabetic medication classes lead to increased risk of pancreatitis?

Answer 1

DPP4 inhibitors (-gliptins) and GLP1 mimetics (exenatide, liraglutide)

Question 2

24 hour urine cortisol greater than what value suggests a Cushing problem?

Answer 2

Greater than 100 mg/dl

Question 3

If a diabetic patient requires insulin therapy and had normal renal function, how many units/kg is the recommended daily insulin requirement?

Answer 3

0.5 units/kg

Question 4

On the morning of surgery, what changes should be made to long acting insulin in diabetic patients?

Answer 4

Give half the dose of long acting insulin

Question 5

Individuals who have both Addison’s Disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis are known to have what syndrome?

Answer 5

Schimdt’s Syndrome (autoimmune polyglandular type II)

Question 6

Two fasting blood sugars greater than what # will diagnose diabetes mellitus?

Answer 6

125 mg/dl

Question 7

What are the triad of diseases in multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type I?

Answer 7

Parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreatic–remember them as the 3P’s of MEN I

Question 8

What condition is often associated with antibodies positive to glutamic acid decarboxylase?

Answer 8

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Question 9

Rapid fire assoc: Hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis

Answer 9

1º hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome)

Question 10

Rapid fire assoc: “Brown” tumor of bone

Answer 10

Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)

Question 11

What is the best screening blood test for acromegaly?

Answer 11

Insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1)

Question 12

Rapid fire txt: Carcinoid syndrome

Answer 12

Octreotide

Question 13

Rapid fire txt: Diabetes insipidus

Answer 13

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

Question 14

Rapid fire assoc: Enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuclei with central clearing

Answer 14

“Orphan Annie” eyes nuclei (papillary carcinoma of the thyroid)

Question 15

Thyroid (Medullary Carcinoma) and parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma

Answer 15

MEN 2A (autosomal dominant RET mutation)

Question 16

Thyroid tumors (Medullary Carcinoma), pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis

Answer 16

MEN 2B (autosomal dominant RET mutation)

Question 17

What is the best way to prevent foot ulcers from occurring in diabetic patients?

Answer 17

Perform monofilament testing

Question 18

Which class of anti-diabetic agents should be avoided in patients who have underlying congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Answer 18

Thiazolidinedione (glitazones)

Question 19

Which class of antibiotics is most notoriously contraindicated in individuals with myasthenia gravis?

Answer 19

Aminoglycosides (amikacin, tobramycin, neomycin)

Question 20

Skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue Dx?

Answer 20

1º adrenocortical insufficiency (ed, Addison disease) causes ↑ ACTH and ↑ α-MSH production)

Question 21

No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance Dx?

Answer 21

Sheehan syndrome (pituitary infarction)

Question 22

Which two hyperthyroid conditions will cause low radioactive iodine uptake?

Answer 22

Thyroiditis and exogenous use of thyroid medication

Question 23

What thyroid test level tends to be elevated in patients who have sick euthyroid syndrome?

Answer 23

Reverse T3 (rT3)

Question 24

What type of reflexes would you expect in a patient who has uncontrolled hypothyroidism?

Answer 24

Delayed

Question 25

Work up of amenorrhea, FSH >35 Suggest what diagnosis?

Answer 25

Primary ovarian failure. Level should be <20

Question 26

In what diseases causing hirsutism do we expect the DHEA (17 OH ketosteroid) to be elevated?

Answer 26

Cushing dz, adrenal carcinoma, congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 27

What are the reflexes you would expect in an individual who has antibodies to postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors? What is the Condition in which you find this?

Answer 27

Normal; myasthenia gravis

Question 28

In patient with antibodies to presynaptic acetylcholine receptors, are reflexes increased or decreased?

Answer 28

Decreased (condition is Eaton-Lambert Syndrome)

Question 29

What medication is given as an injectable for osteoporosis?

Answer 29

Teriparatide

Question 30

Patients with elevated igf1 should have confirmatory testing with what?

Answer 30

Oral glucose suppression test (75 g oral glucose load)