ENDO Flashcards
1
Q
What is the difference between somogyi and dawn effect?
A
both are hyperglycemia but somogyi is d/ t insulin, dawn is d/t catecholamines and GH
2
Q
What is the difference between somogyi and dawn effect?
A
both are hyperglycemia but somogyi is d/ t insulin, dawn is d/t catecholamines and GH
3
Q
What lipid tx med should be avoided with gout pts?
A
niacin
4
Q
What is metabolic sx?
A
abdominal obesity, HTN, hyperglycemia, high trig, low HDL
5
Q
What does high beta-hydroxybutyrate mean?
A
DKA
6
Q
What is sipple sx?
A
MEN 2a (hyperparathyroid, medullary thyroid CA, pheochromocytoma)
7
Q
What is wermers sx?
A
MEN 1 (parathyroid, pituitary, pancreatic)
8
Q
Pt has secondary corticoadrenal insufficiency, what happens to cortisol levels after cosyntropin stimulation?
A
cortisol will increase
9
Q
What does no change with cosyntropin stimulation mean?
A
primary corticoadrenal insufficency
10
Q
Nodules on thyroid without exophthalmos?
A
plummers dz
11
Q
What lipid tx can cause flushing, pruritis, nausea?
A
niacin
12
Q
What is LDL goal for patients with heart dz?
A
13
Q
What DM meds can cause pancreatitis?
A
DPP4 inhibitor (-gliptin) , GLP1 analogs (byetta)
14
Q
What lipid tx may cause increase in glucose levels?
A
niacin
15
Q
What lipid tx is good for LDL control?
A
statins
16
Q
What lipid tx is good for trig control?
A
niacin, omega 3
17
Q
What meds cause lipid elevation?
A
thiazide
18
Q
Hyperlipidemia is associated with what dz?
A
hypothyroidism
19
Q
What are 2 long acting insulin?
A
insulin glargine and insulin detemir
20
Q
What are 3 short acting insulin?
A
glullsine, lispro, aspart
21
Q
What meds should not be given to patients with G6PD?
A
sulfonylureas
22
Q
What are 2 tx for gestational DM?
A
insulin and lifestyle changes
23
Q
What values during a 24-48week gestation 75gm 2hrs GTT are dx for DM?
A
one hr >180, 2hr >153
24
Q
What is dx for fasting gestational DM?
A
> 92
25
What can be added onto metformin?
insulin, sulfonylureas, pioglitazone, GLP1
26
Pt had MI 2years ago, what is goal A1C and LDL?
27
What screening is recommended for DM patients?
A1C testing q6mo; annual monofilamint testing, eye exam, PVD screening, lipid screening, UA microalbumin
28
What are relative contraindication for metformin?
HF, liver failure, ETOH abuse, hypoperfusion states
29
What is absolute contraindication for metformin?
kidney failure
30
What are the criteria for DM?
fasting >126, 2hr GTT >200, A1C > 6.5, random BG >200
31
Which MEN sx has neuromas?
MEN 2b
32
Sx of polyuria, polydipsia, increase serum osmolarity, decrease urine osmolarity?
DI
33
Osteoporosis, bone pain, renal calculi, GI sx, and psychiatric overtones?
hyperparathyroidism
34
Tx for central DI and DI in pregnancy?
desmopressin
35
Which type of thyroiditis has fever, pain, and neck mass?
supparitive thyroiditis from staph, strep
36
How to tx hyperthyroidism in pregnancy?
PTU during first trimester, methimazole for the rest
37
What are 2 causes for thyroiditis?
lithium, amiodarone (antiarrythemia), interferon alpha, interleukin 2 (cancer)
38
Cold nodule on thyroid uptake scan means?
malignancy
39
PE/Sx for pituitary ademona?
visual change, galactohrrea
40
3 meds for Cushing sx tx if surgery is not an option?
mitotane, ketaconazole, metyrapone
41
What screening should be done with Cushing sx?
DEXA
42
Decrease ACTH, high cortisol with dexamethasone suppression means?
Cushing primary
43
Increase ACTH from dexamethasone suppression means?
Cushing secondary
44
What is the diff between cushing sx and disease?
sx is primary, disease is secondary
45
What is the tx for corticoadrenal insufficiency?
hydrocortisone
46
What is the common cx of primary corticoadrenal insufficiency?
addison
47
What to expect on CMP lab with addison patient?
hyponatremia
48
What to expect on lab with addison patient?
hyponatremia
49
What lipid tx med should be avoided with gout pts?
niacin
50
What is metabolic sx?
abdominal obesity, HTN, hyperglycemia, high trig, low HDL
51
What does high beta-hydroxybutyrate mean?
DKA
52
What is sipple sx?
MEN 2a (hyperparathyroid, medullary thyroid CA, pheochromocytoma)
53
What is wermers sx?
MEN 1 (parathyroid, pituitary, pancreatic)
54
Pt has secondary corticoadrenal insufficiency, what happens to cortisol levels after cosyntropin stimulation?
cortisol will increase
55
What does no change with cosyntropin stimulation mean?
primary corticoadrenal insufficency
56
Nodules on thyroid without exophthalmos?
plummers dz
57
What lipid tx can cause flushing, pruritis, nausea?
niacin
58
What is LDL goal for patients with heart dz?
less than 70
59
What DM meds can cause pancreatitis?
DPP4 inhibitor (-gliptin) , GLP1 analogs (byetta)
60
What lipid tx may cause increase in glucose levels?
niacin
61
What lipid tx is good for LDL control?
statins
62
What lipid tx is good for trig control?
niacin, omega 3
63
What meds cause lipid elevation?
thiazide
64
Hyperlipidemia is associated with what dz?
hypothyroidism
65
What is the procedure called to tx acromegaly with pituitary adenoma?
trans-sphenoid resection
66
What are 3 short acting insulin?
glullsine, lispro, aspart
67
What meds should not be given to patients with G6PD?
sulfonylureas
68
What are 2 tx for gestational DM?
insulin and lifestyle changes
69
What values during a 24-48week gestation 75gm 2hrs GTT are dx for DM?
one hr >180, 2hr >153
70
What is dx for fasting gestational DM?
>92
71
What can be added onto metformin?
insulin, sulfonylureas, pioglitazone, GLP1
72
Pt had MI 2years ago, what is goal A1C and LDL?
73
What screening is recommended for DM patients?
A1C testing q6mo; annual monofilamint testing, eye exam, PVD screening, lipid screening, UA microalbumin
74
What are relative contraindication for metformin?
HF, liver failure, ETOH abuse, hypoperfusion states
75
What is absolute contraindication for metformin?
kidney failure
76
What are the criteria for DM?
fasting >126, 2hr GTT >200, A1C > 6.5, random BG >200
77
Which MEN sx has neuromas?
MEN 2b
78
Sx of polyuria, polydipsia, increase serum osmolarity, decrease urine osmolarity?
DI
79
Osteoporosis, bone pain, renal calculi, GI sx, and psychiatric overtones?
hyperparathyroidism
80
Tx for central DI and DI in pregnancy?
desmopressin
81
Which type of thyroiditis has fever, pain, and neck mass?
supparitive thyroiditis from staph, strep
82
How to tx hyperthyroidism in pregnancy?
PTU during first trimester, methimazole for the rest
83
What are 2 causes for thyroiditis?
lithium, amiodarone (antiarrythemia), interferon alpha, interleukin 2 (cancer)
84
Cold nodule on thyroid uptake scan means?
malignancy
85
PE/Sx for pituitary ademona?
visual change, galactohrrea
86
3 meds for Cushing sx tx if surgery is not an option?
mitotane, ketaconazole, metyrapone
87
What screening should be done with Cushing sx?
DEXA
88
Decrease ACTH, high cortisol with dexamethasone suppression means?
Cushing primary
89
Increase ACTH from dexamethasone suppression means?
Cushing secondary
90
What is the diff between cushing sx and disease?
sx is primary, disease is secondary
91
What is the tx for corticoadrenal insufficiency?
hydrocortisone
92
What is the common cx of primary corticoadrenal insufficiency?
addison
93
What sx can occur with sudden withdrawal of steroids?
severe N/V/D, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia
94
What to expect on lab with addison patient?
hyponatremia
95
What to expect on CBC lab with addison patient?
eosinophila
96
Prolonged hypoparathyroidism can mimic what dz?
parkinson
97
Prolonged hypoparathyroidism can cause what neurological sx?
seizure
98
Parathyroid hormone affects what 3 organs?
GI absorption, bone absorption, renal reabsorption
99
What to PE tests can you do for hypoparathyroidism?
chvosteck sign and troursseau
100
Hyperparathyroidism can be d/t what mineral deficient?
Mg
101
What 3 meds can cause hyperthyroidism?
lithium, amiodarone, levothyroxine
102
What meds can cause both hyper and hypothyroidism?
lithium and amiodarone
103
What is the most common secondary cause of hyperparathyroidism?
ESRF
104
What AB are positive in hashimoto and grave?
antithyroglobulin, antithyroid peroxidase
105
Most common cause of hypothyroidism?
hashimoto
106
Which class of HIV causes hyperlipidemia?
protease inhibitor
107
Which lipids can cause pancreatitis?
trig
108
What med can cause angioedema?
ezetimibe
109
45 yo male has hypoglycemia with parathyroid, what MEN is this?
MEN 1
110
Patient has medullary thyroid CA and develops HTN that is resistant to tx, what should be r/o?
pheochromocytoma, MEN 2a, MEN 2b
111
Urine osmolarity will be high or low in DI?
low
112
What is the procedure called to tx acromegaly with pituitary adenoma?
trans-sphenoid resection
113
Patient does has normal ACTH levels but comes back with high coritsol levels with high dexamethasone suppression test?
ectopic CA
114
Increased cortisol level with cosyntropin test is primary or secondary corticoadrenal insufficiency?
secondary
115
Radiation induced thyroiditis has hard or tender thyroid?
tender
