end anxiety begin trauma (T3)

Question 1

What are the main two types of antidepressants?

Answer 1

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)

• TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants)

Question 2

What are the two main types of medication for anxiety?

Answer 2

antidepressants and beta-blockers (often for physical symptoms)

Question 3

What are the limitations of meds?

Answer 3

Symptom reduction, but not remission (still anxious)
• Temporary relief. Relapse when discontinued
• Don’t address underlying cognitive & behavioral processes that maintain problems
• Side effects (physical symptoms, sleep disturbance, etc.)
• Tolerance & dependency problems

Question 4

What are the results of the Child-Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal (CAMS) Study (2008)?

Answer 4

results of sertraline alone are about equal to the results of CBT alone. CBT and sertraline combined yielded the best results.

Question 5

What is exposure therapy?

Answer 5

A variant of behavior therapy, involves prolonged confrontation with feared object/situation. Can be gradual or flooded, real or theoretical. Recommended for social anxiety, selective mutism, and phobias in particular.

Question 6

What are the aspects of exposure-based behavior therapy?

Answer 6

behavioral contract, contingency management, modeling, systemic desensitization.

Question 7

What is behavioral contract?

Answer 7

A component of exposure-based behavioral therapy, client is rewarded when they face the feared stimulus.

Question 8

What is contingency management?

Answer 8

“Little Peter” exposure + reward

Question 9

What is modeling?

Answer 9

watching another child enjoy petting a dog.

Question 10

What is systemic desensitization?

Answer 10

exposure hierarchy + incompatible relaxation response.

Question 11

What is cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)?

Answer 11

identify and change automatic thoughts in order to change feelings and behavior. Process

1. Identify cognitive distortions
2. cognitive reappraisal
3. teach F.E.A.R plan

Question 12

What are cognitive distortions?

Answer 12

unrealistic negative thoughts. e.g., fortune-telling (I know this will go bad), catastrophic thoughts, etc. Identifying these is the first step of CBT.

Question 13

What is cognitive reappraisal?

Answer 13

modifying self-talk, statements like, “I don’t know how it will go, but I can probably stand it, even if I don’t like it”. second step to CBT.

Question 14

What is the F.E.A.R. plan?

Answer 14

Feelings, Expectations, Attitudes, Results. (example - I am sweaty and my stomach hurts, I will mess up - I will fail - people will laugh at me, I can practice - I did good last time - even if I do mess up it’s okay, I did it, I did well, nobody laughed at me - my reward is going to the movies with mom and dad).

Question 15

Which anxiety disorders respond well to CBT?

Answer 15

GAD, SAD, and social anxiety.

Question 16

What are the four components of CBT for panic disorder?

Answer 16

relaxation training, interoceptive exposure, cognitive restructuring, graded in vivo exposure.

Question 17

What is relaxation training?

Answer 17

The first component of CBT for panic disorder, involves reducing physiological arousal.

Question 18

What is interoceptive exposure?

Answer 18

The second component of CBT for panic disorder, produce physiological symptoms of panic, then use relaxation techniques to cope with these symptoms.
physiological symptom types:
Respiratory: breath through straw, climb stairs
Cardiac: run in place, ingest caffeine
Vestibular: shake head side-to-side, spin in chair, etc.
Dissociation: stare at something

Question 19

What is cognitive restructuring?

Answer 19

The third component of CBT for panic disorder, involves challenging cognitive biases and distortions.

Question 20

What is graded in vivo exposure?

Answer 20

The fourth component of CBT for panic disorder, a hierarchy of situations.

Question 21

What are the three basic components of CBT for OCD and related disorders?

Answer 21

information gathering, exposure and response prevention, generalization.