Encephalitozoonosis

Question 1

Cause in mammals

Answer 1

Encephalitozoon cuniculi

Zoonotic

Question 2

Sample and method

Answer 2

Brain smear- RBC (no schizogony)
Gram+
PAS+
ZN+

Question 3

Diagnosis

Answer 3

Spores in the urine of rabbits/dogs
Microscopic exam of stained sediment- oil immersion
Immunological: IFAT,CIA

Question 4

Position of parasite

Answer 4

IC

Question 5

Morph

Answer 5

euryxenous, monoxenous
Polar tube- can infect/inject nuclei in new cells
Elliptic/ovoid
1-2 big nuclei
Rabbits- have an extremely wide wall
Spore is extremely small and can only be seen with an electron microscope

Question 6

Species affected

Answer 6

Rabbit
Domesticated mammals (dogs)
Foxes

Question 7

Host and vector

Answer 7

Host: rabbit

NO VECTOR!

Question 8

Life cycle/ transmission

Answer 8

via rabbit urine

Question 9

Clinical signs

Answer 9

General: inflamm of brain

Rabbits: torticollosis, opisthotonus, NS

Dogs and foxes: Irititis, keratitis, blindness

Question 10

Patho signs

Answer 10

Rabbits and dogs: large grey dents on kidneys
Chronic interstitial nephritis
Brain: multifocal granulomatous encephalitis- can be seen as purple dots grouped together representing meronts and schizonts
Thickened and nodular vessels