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EMT IUP > EMT Exam #2 > Flashcards

EMT Exam #2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of shock?

A 
Low BP (late sign)
Clammy
Rapid pulse/breathing
Changes in mental status
Pale skin
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2
Q

When does the pt. enter decompensated shock?

A

a. The BP eventually falls

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3
Q

What are poor skin colors?

A

Pale, cyanotic, grey

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4
Q

What are poor skin temps?

A

Cool, cold, hot

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5
Q

What are poor skin conditions?

A

Clammy, wet, diaphoretic

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6
Q

Name type of shock:

Resulting from lack of blood volume. Circulating blood volume is inadequate to deliver sufficient oxygen and nutrients to the body.

A

Hypovolemic/Hemorrhagic

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7
Q

Name type of shock:
Associated with impaired heart function; compromised heart function prevents wastes and nutrients from moving around the body effectively.

A

Cardiogenic

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8
Q

Name type of shock:

Resulting when the respiratory system fails, due to illness or obstruction, and the body is deprived of oxygen.

A

Respiratory

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9
Q

Name type of shock:

Resulting from severe allergic reaction.

A

Anaphylactic

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10
Q

Name type of shock:
Resulting from injury to the nervous system; for example, spinal cord injury may result in dilation of vessels below the level of injury.

A

Neurogenic

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11
Q

Name type of shock:
Resulting from severe allergic reaction; blood vessels dilate and decreased blood pressure results; leads to dysfunction in multiple organ systems and death.

A

Septic

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12
Q

Name type of shock:

Resulting from blocked blood flow to or through the heart.

A

Obstructive

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13
Q

Name type of shock:
Abnormal distribution of blood flow in the smallest blood vessels results in inadequate supply of blood to the body’s tissues and organs.

A

Distributive

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14
Q

Name type of shock:

Causes fainting, probably by initiating dilation of the blood vessels that perfuse the muscles.

A

Psychogenic

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15
Q

What makes us breathe?

A

CO2 receptor in the medulla

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16
Q

What are the normal vital signs?

A

Respiration: 12-20
Pulse/HR: 60-100
BP: 100-140/60-80
Normal blood glucose: 80-100

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17
Q

How many people are required for the use of the BVM technique?

A

Two

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18
Q

Why is the BVM technique a two-person technique?

A

Fixes leaky seals

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19
Q

_______________ deliver oxygenated blood to body under high pressure.

A

Arteries

20
Q

_______________ deliver deoxygenated blood back to the heart under low pressure.

A

Veins

21
Q

Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

A

Alveoli

22
Q

How do you open the airway?

A

Head tilt, chin lift or jaw thrust

23
Q

________________ is the amount of air moved with each inhalation.

A

Tidal volume

24
Q

_______________ is the amount of air moved in one minute.

A

Minute volume

25
Q

What is the equation for minute volume?

A

Tidal volume X respiration rate

26
Q

_________________ is the amount of blood pressure pumped with each cardiac contraction (heart beat).

A

Stroke volume

27
Q

_______________ is the amount of blood pumped in one minute.

A

Cardiac output

28
Q

What is the equation for cardiac output?

A

Stroke volume X heart rate

29
Q

What is the normal tidal volume for adults?

A

500mL or cc

30
Q

What is the normal respiration rate for adults?

A

12-20

31
Q

Coronary arteries fill and deliver oxygenated blood to the heart (from the lungs) during when?

A

Diastole

32
Q

What is the treatment for shock?

A

Place pt. supine
High flow O2 with non-rebreather or manage airway
Blanket to conserve heat
Rapid Transport

33
Q

What is included in scene size-up?

A 
Scene safety
Additional resources
How many patients
MOI or NOI
Consider c-spine
34
Q

What is assess in Primary Assessment?

A 
LOC
ABC's
Skin color, temp, condition
Stop to assess life-threatening bleeding/breathing problems
General impression
35
Q

What is assessed in Secondary Assessment?

A

Physical exam

36
Q

Every how many minutes do we reassess vitals?

A

Every 5 minutes — critical or potentially critical

Every 15 minutes — stable pt.

37
Q

What does SAMPLE stand for?

A 
S: signs/symptoms
A: allergies
M: medications
P: PMHx
L: last oral intake
E: events leading up
38
Q

What does OPQRST stand for?

A 
O: onset
P: provoke
Q: quality
R: radiate
S: severity
T: time
39
Q

Name lung sound:

High-pitched whistling sound that is most prominent on expiration.

A

Wheezing

40
Q

Name lung sound:

Wet (usually on both inspiration and expiration) may indicate fluid in lungs.

A

Crackles

41
Q

Name lung sound:
Congested breath sounds may suggest the presence of mucus in the lungs. Expect to hear low-pitched, noisy sounds most prominent on expiration. Productive cough associated.

A

Rhonchi

42
Q

Name lung sound:
Often heard before even listening with stethoscope and may indicate patient has airway obstruction in neck or upper part of the chest.

A

Stridor

43
Q

What are the two airway management devices?

A

Oral and nasal airway

44
Q

How do you measure oral airway size?

A

From the corner of the mouth to the earlobe

45
Q

How do you measure a nasal airway size?

A

From the nostril to the earlobe

46
Q

How do you measure how far to stick suction in?

A

From the corner of the mouth to the earlobe

same as oral airway

EMT IUP (7 decks)

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