EMT

Question 1

Battle Sign

Answer 1

Purplish discoloration (bruising) of the mastoid area behind the ear

Delayed & very late sign of basilar skull fracture

Question 2

Diplopia

Answer 2

Double Vision

Question 3

DCAPBTLS

Answer 3

Deformities/Discoloration 
Contusions
Abrasion & Avulsion 
Penetrations & Punctures 
Burns 
Tenderness
Lacerations
Swelling

Question 4

Pupil

Answer 4

Dark center of eye

Expands or contracts to let in light

Question 5

What does decorticate posturing indicate?

Answer 5

Flexing arms across chest & extending

Indicates upper-level brain stem injury

Question 6

Nitroglycerin

Answer 6

Used to treat cardiac patients

Vasodilator

Major side effect: low BP

Contraindication: erectile dysfunction

Normal dose: .3mg

Question 7

Metered-Dose Inhaler

MDI

Answer 7

Used to treat same type of respiratory disease

Contains beta2agonist (cause bronchioles to dilate)

Albuterol, Levalbuterol

Question 8

Medications in MDI

Answer 8

Generic:                  Trade Names:
Albuterol            Proventil, Ventolin 
Metaproterenol-Metoprel, Alapent
Isoetharine              Bronkosol
Ipratropium               Atrovent 
Levalbuterol               Xoponex 
Pirbuterol                    Maxair

Question 9

Liver

Answer 9

Large, solid organ located in the RUQ just beneath diaphragm

Filters the nutrients from blood as it returns from the intestines

Stores Glucose, plays role in blood clotting, aids in production of bile

Question 10

Path of oxygen to cells

Answer 10

Nasal/Oropharynx 
Pharynx 
Epiglottis
Larynx 
Trachea
Carina
Bronchi 
Bronchioles 
Alveoli
Pulmonary Capillaries (site of gas exchange)

Question 11

Activated Charcoal (how it works/what it is)

Answer 11

Special distilled charcoal that has been treated with superheat steam, very porous & can absorbed

Works by absorbing poison which inhibits poison from being absorbed in body

Standard Adult Dose= 1 gram per KG

Question 12

Spleen

Answer 12

Elongated, oval, solid organ

Aids in production of blood cells as well as the filtering & storage of blood

Located in the LUQ behind & to the side of the stomach

Question 13

Rhonchi

Answer 13

Snoring/rattling noises head upon auscultation

Indicates thick mucus obstructing the larger conducting airways of respiratory tract

Quality of sound changes upon cough or sometimes movement

Often heard in chronic bronchitis, emphysema, aspiration & pneumonia

Question 14

Rales (Crackles)

Answer 14

Bubbly/crackling sounds heard during inhalation

Indicates fluid has surrounded or filled alveoli or very small bronchioles

May indicate pulmonary edema or pneumonia

Best heard upon posterior thorax (liquid travels down cause of gravity)

Question 15

Snoring

Answer 15

Snoring sounds; indicates tongue & likely epiglottis are partially blocking airway

Question 16

Gurgling

Answer 16

Sound similar to air rushing through water during breathing

Indicates liquid substance in airway

Question 17

Stridor

Answer 17

Harsh, high pitched sound upon inspiration

Indicates significant airway obstruction due to swelling of larynx

Question 18

Crowing

Answer 18

Sounds like crow cawing

Muscles around larynx spasm; narrowing the opening to the trachea

Question 19

Wheezing

Answer 19

High pitched; musical; whistling sound upon exhalation (upon inhalation in severe cases)

Indicates swelling & constriction of bronchioles

Diffuse wheezing (heard all over lungs) calls for administration of a beta2 agonist medication by MDI or by small volume nebulizer

Typically heard in asthma, emphysema & chronic bronchitis

Question 20

Electrical impulse path through the structures of the heart

Answer 20

SA Node

AV Node

Bundle of His

Purkinje Fibers