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Pathology - Y5 > EMQ: enzymes, chemistry > Flashcards

EMQ: enzymes, chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Which one is increased in a patient with Paget’s disease of the bone?​

  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D​
A

ALP

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2
Q

Which one is increased in a patient with osteomalacia?

  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D​
A

ALP

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3
Q

Which one is increased in a patient following an acute myocardial infarction?

  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D
A

AST

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4
Q

Increased osteoblast activity​

Increased osteoclast activity​

​

The former will increase osteocalcin production. As well as….

A

ALP

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5
Q

Which one is raised in Addison’s disease?

  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D
A

Potassium

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6
Q

Which one of the above is most increased in a patient with jaundice caused by a gallstone?

  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D
  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D
A

ALP

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7
Q

Which one is most increased in a patient with jaundice caused by viral hepatitis?

  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D
A

ALT

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8
Q

Which one is most increased in a patient with jaundice caused by chronic alcoholic cirrhosis?

  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D
A

AST

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9
Q

Which one is most increased in a patient with prostatic carcinoma?

  • Acid phosphatase​
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)​
  • Alkaline phosphatase​
  • Aspartate amino transferase (AST)​
  • Calcium​
  • Cholesterol​
  • Creatinine​
  • Fructosamine​
  • Glucose​
  • HBA1c​
  • Potassium​
  • Sodium​
  • Triglyceride​
  • Urea​
  • Vitamin D
A

Acid phosphatase (PSA)

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10
Q

What investigations are useful to make the diagnosis in Pagets disease?

A

Bloods
X ray

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11
Q

What does this show?

A

Disorgansied bone remodelling (femur)

Looser’s zones

-> PAGET’S DISEASE

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12
Q

What is this?

A

T-99 bisphosphonate scan showing increased uptake in the humerus

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13
Q

What are T-99 scans used for normally?

A

Normally used to see bone turnover in cancer patients to look for bony metastases

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14
Q

What can T-99 scans be used for in endocrinology?

A

Thyroid scan (T-99 is a label)

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15
Q

What condition is this?

A

Grave’s Disease

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16
Q

What is this?

A

Hot nodule

17
Q

What type of scan is this?

What is the diagnosis?

A

Gallium scan

Insulinoma

18
Q

What scans do you use for:

  • Abdominal mets from cancer​
  • Bony mets​
  • ​Primary Neuroendocrine tumours (insulinomas)​
  • ​Thyroid scans​
  • Parathyroid scans​
  • Phaeochromocytomas
A

Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG PET)​

Tc bisphosphonate​

​Gallium 68 dotatate​

​​Tc 99 pertechnetate​

​Sesta MIBI​

MIBG

19
Q

What is osteomalacia caused by?

A

Osteomalacia is caused by a lack of vitamin D. This results in secondary hyperparathyroidism, which in turn attempts to stimulate bone formation.

20
Q

Which enzymes increase in MI?

A

Troponins​

CK (MB)​

AST​

LDH

21
Q

Label this:

22
Q

What is the normal range of PTH?

A

1.1 – 6.8 pM

Pathology - Y5 (59 decks)

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