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Lent Term Core 1 (CORE) > Emotions & Contagion > Flashcards

Emotions & Contagion Flashcards

1
Q

The definition of ‘self-oriented’.

A

Imagining ourselves in other person’s situations.

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2
Q

The definition for “attribute unobservable mental states to others and use them to predict others’ behaviours” (Gopnik & Metzoff, 1997)

A

Theory of mind.

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3
Q

why should we study empathy in terms of the cognitive approach?

A

it is essential in order to understand peoples mental states i.e. desires, beliefs and emotions.

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4
Q

what do stimulation theories suggest?

A

People understand others’ mental states by simulating states in themselves or there is an emotional reaction felt by an observer who is experiencing/about to experience an emotion.

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5
Q

Mehrabian and Epstein (1972) suggests empathy is…

A

a vicarious emotional response to the perceived emotional experiences of others i.e. seeing people cry upsets me.

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6
Q

what are the two main components of the Empathy-Altruism Model?

A
  • Self-oriented perspective taking

- Other-oriented perspective taking

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7
Q
  • ‘Self-oriented perspective taking’ and ‘Other-oriented perspective taking’ are the main components of what model?
A

Empathy-Altruism Model.

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8
Q

‘personal distress’ is integrated in which component of the EAM?

A

self-oriented perspective taking

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9
Q

‘empathic concern’ is …

A

an act of sympathy/empathy for another’s situation/experience

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10
Q

components of other oriented EAM:

A
  1. other-oriented perspective taking
  2. empathic concern
  3. altruism
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11
Q

components of self oriented EAM:

A
  1. self-oriented perspective taking
  2. personal distress
  3. Egoism
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12
Q

Davis (1996) proposed what model

A

organizational model of empathy.

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13
Q

what are the components of the OMoE?

A
  • ANTECEDENTS
  • PROCESSES
  • INTRAPERSONAL RESPONSES
  • INTERPERSONAL RESPONSES
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14
Q

empathy emerges from the conception of _____

A

vulnerability

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15
Q

there were gender differences in empathy. Why were there differences (Eisenberg & Lennon, 1983)?

A

The difference is that women will score higher, especially when using questionnaire. Difference exists gender stereotypical representation. i.e. women were raised to be emotional, unlike men who must suppress.

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16
Q

what did Fukushima and Hiraki (2006) suggest through their study results about gender differences?

A

during a gambling task, when something bad happened, EEG activity occurred for women participants versus no activation during the incident

17
Q

“we are capable of perfectly mimicking a person’s emotions without engaging in a cognitive interaction.” is termed as what?

A

emotional contagion

18
Q

define ‘egocentric empathy’ (Hoffman, 1982).

A

copy behavior, not that they care for the other person but due to being bothered by the other experiencing this emotion.

19
Q

‘global empathy’

A

mimicking emotions of another person i.e. reactive crying when baby cries because of another baby crying.

20
Q

‘Egocentric empathy’ is linked to what other concept?

A

Batson’s personal distress.

21
Q

‘theory of mind’ proposes children are …

A

unaware or incapable of experiencing empathy.

22
Q

define ‘emotional contagion’.

A

Set of processes by which others’ emotions become ours.

23
Q

mimicry, feedback and a mirror neurons are mechanisms of…

A

emotional contagion.

24
Q

‘Mimicry’ characteristics..

A
  • it is automatic and unintentional
  • starts shortly after birth
  • prototypical expressions of emotions in facial muscles
  • empathy as a mediator
25
Q

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

A

when the an internal/external event occurs, and this message is sent to neocortex to process and is then a message of appraisal to the nerves or facial muscles

26
Q

Why is the Facial Feedback Hypothesis no longer supported?

A

due to many people conducting this experiment, results were the same every time, ‘replication crisis’.

27
Q

empathy is a _____ _____.

A

multidimensional construct

28
Q

emotion contagion is _____ and usually _____.

A

automatic; unintentional.

29
Q

the definition of Altruism is…

A

behavior characterized by acts with no apparent benefits for the individual who performs them but that are beneficial to other individuals.

Lent Term Core 1 (CORE) (16 decks)

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