Emotional intelligence

Question 1

Gardner – Multiple Intelligences

Answer 1

• Linguistic
• Logical-mathematical
• Spatial
• Interpersonal
• Intrapersonal
• Naturalist

Question 2

Gardner (1983)

Answer 2

• one of the first theorists to distinguish between intellectual and emotional capabilities
• argued each intelligence is a separate system independent in its own right
• they have to interact to provide the whole picture
• conflict between head and heart

Question 3

Intrapersonal intelligence

Answer 3

• ability to understand oneself, to perceive, understand and manage ones emotions

Question 4

Interpersonal intelligence

Answer 4

• ability to understand others, noticing differences between people, reading their moods, temperaments and intentions

Question 5

Peter Salovey and John Mayer (1990

Answer 5

• reviewed traditional theories of personality and intelligence
• put forward the first theory of EI

Perceiving branch - emotions of others
Facilitating branch- using emotions to prioritise thinking
Understanding branch – understanding how you feel and why you feel that way
Managing branch - emotions under control

Question 6

How do we measure EI?

Answer 6

• researchers have promoted various questionnaires
• MSCEIT by Salovey & Mayer
• self report measures

Question 7

Daniel Goleman – the biological element

Answer 7

Amygdala – located in brain’s medial temporal lobe and part of the limbic system

Limbic system- group of structures involved in emotion, pleasure, fear and aggression- fight or flight response!

• causes immediate physical reaction
  -Goleman argues this response in central to EI
• as we develop we can learn to control this

Question 8

Daniel Goleman

Answer 8

• as children we may run away to avoid being told off
• as we get older, we change our strategy and listen
• older may try to reason, apologise and ensure won’t happen
• over time learn to control our emotional responses

Question 9

Goleman’s 5 emotional intelligences

Answer 9

5) ability to sustain good interpersonal relationships
4) ability to assess and influence the emotions of others
3) ability to have emotional states related with drive for success
2) ability to manage and control one’s emotions
1) ability to identify emotional states and understand connection

Question 10

Goleman’s 4 emotional intelligences (2002)

Answer 10

• self awareness
• self management
• relationship management
• social awareness
• people with high EI twice as likely to successful in relationships
• some may be outstanding in their field but never reached top
• others may be mediocre but risen to highest position

Question 11

Self awareness

Answer 11

• knowledge of our own feelings, self confidence, accurate self assessment, knowing our strengths and limitations

Question 12

Self management

Answer 12

• covers range of abilities that help us manage our emotions and feelings to facilitate positive interactions

Question 13

Social awareness

Answer 13

• capacity for sensing and gaining insight into emotional circumstances of others
• sensing what others are feeling and seeing others perspective

Question 14

Relationship management

Answer 14

• reading social situations accurately
• exchange of emotions within a group
• being a team player
• sense how others are reacting in a situation and alter own response to push interaction in best direction

Question 15

Applications of EI to mental ill health

Answer 15

• early research suggests low levels may be risk factor for mental ill health (Hertal, Schuetz & Claas-Hinrich,2009).
• high levels may contribute to good mental health
• Taylor et al (2001) identified low levels of EI within patient groups with Anorexia Nervosa
• Ciarrochi et al (2001) found depression associated with low EI
  -unable to recognise when feelings are becoming too negative
• Forensic Psychology – suicide rates in prisons- EI raining for prison officers

Question 16

Issues for Practice

Answer 16

• treatments in mental health -patients with low EI may not respond well to psychotherapy due to barriers in recognising emotions
• focus on treatments that increase emotional self awareness and ability to tolerate emotionally distressing states
• looking at way children develop EI may lead us to preventative measures and help us prevent certain types of mental ill health

Question 17

EI and ‘at- risk’ populations

Answer 17

• ADHD and HFASD
• interventions should focus on enhancement of emotional competencies as strong protective factor for resilience
• McCrimmon, Climie & Huynh, 2017

Question 18

Emotional Intelligence in Education

Answer 18

• cver changing educational environment – emphasis no longer just about teaching but primarily learning
• combination of academic, social and emotional skills (Salami,2010)
• widening Participation – 50% people 18-30yrs higher education
• specific aspects of EI predict university success (Bachard, 2003)
• measures of EI could be used with HE to identify ‘at-risk’ students
• small minority will use academic content of degree to get a job
• reflective journals encourage students to assess their feelings,

Question 19

Applications in designing Interventions: case study (GOAL project)

Answer 19

• Getting On And Living – Independent Living
• collaboration and cooperation: working with others towards shared goals
• collaborate, sharing plans, information, and resources
• promote a friendly, cooperative climate (Goleman, 1998)
• inspiring and guiding individuals and groups

Question 20

Emotional Intelligence at work

Answer 20

• EI measures valuable aid to recruitment when used with other measures like interviews
• some jobs might need more EI than others (Caruso and Wolfe, 2001)
• EI twice as important as cognitive or technical skills for high job performance- Goleman
• Team building - teaching skills like cooperation/ negotiation/ communication (Jordan, 1999).