Emesis Flashcards
What can cause vomiting?
- Visceral afferents (upset stomach)
- midbrain ICP receptors
- chemo receptor trigger zone (No BBB here)(chemotherapy)
- limbic system (strong emotions)
- vestibular system
What does the emetic center control?
1 - Salivatory center
2 - Vasomotor center
3 - Respiratory center
4 - Cranial nerves
Which drugs are used to control emesis?
- Glucocorticosteroids make dopamine and serotonin antagonists work better.
- Benzodiazepines are for anticipatory antiemetic
- Cannabinoid receptors also block emesis
Which GI and heart receptors are involved in emesis?
- 5HT-3 receptor (in the intestinal tract)
- Mechanoreceptors
- Chemoreceptors
Which vestibular system receptors are involved in emesis?
- H1 receptor
- M1 receptor
Which chemo receptor trigger zone (area postrema of the CTZ) receptors are involved in emesis?
- Chemo receptors
- D2 receptor
- NK1 receptor
- 5HT-3 receptor
- Mu-opioid receptor (people take opiates throw up)
Which vomiting center (nucleus of the tractus solitarius) receptors are involved in emesis?
- H1
- M1
- NK1
- 5HT-3
What blocks vomiting at the vomiting center?
- Serotonin antagonists (5HT-3 blockers)
- antihistamines (H1 blockers)
- anticholinergic (muscarinic blockers)
What blocks vomiting at the chemo receptor trigger zone (CTZ)?
- Dopamine antagonists (D2: Metoclopramide, Domperidone)
- serotonin antagonists (5HT-3 blockers)
What blocks vomiting at the labyrinth apparatus?
- Antihistamines (H1 blockers)
What blocks vomiting at the cerebral cortex?
- Antihistamines (H1 blockers)
- benzodiazepines
- cannabinoids
What blocks vomiting at the G.I. tract?
Serotonin antagonists (5HT-3 blockers)
What blocks vomiting at the limbic system?
- Benzodiazepines
What blocks vomiting action unknown?
- Corticosteroids
