Emergency management of the Respiratory system

Question 1

hypoxemia

Answer 1

low oxygen in the blood

Question 2

hypoxia

Answer 2

low oxygen in the cells

Question 3

early manifestations (hypoxemia)

Answer 3

tachycardia, tachypnea, restlessness, increased BP, pallor, tripod position, nasal flaring, adventitious lung sounds

Question 4

late manifestations (hypoxia)

Answer 4

bradypnea, bradycardia, confusion and stupor, decreased BP and RR, cyanosis, arrhythmias

Question 5

common causes of hypoxemia

Answer 5

anemia, ARDS, asthma, congenital heart defects, COPS/emphysema

Question 6

anoxia

Answer 6

complete lack of oxygen to brain

Question 7

how long can the brain survive without oxygen

Answer 7

6 minutes

Question 8

respiratory emergencies

Answer 8

pulmonary edema, asthma, anaphylaxis, PE, near drowning, COPD exacerbation, spontaneous pneumothorax

Question 9

ludwigs angina

Answer 9

bacterial infection that affects your neck and floor of mouth

Question 10

GCS level indicating obstruction

Answer 10

less than 8

Question 11

oropharyngeal airway

Answer 11

inserted through the mouth to establish airway

Question 12

nasopharyngeal airway

Answer 12

inserted through nose to establish airway; can be used in patients with a gag reflex

Question 13

laryngeal mask airway

Answer 13

inserted through mouth into larynx to establish airway; does not prevent against aspiration

Question 14

indications for advanced airway

Answer 14

airway protection, respiratory failure, maintaining oxygen, apnea, reduced LOC, trauma to larynx, drugs, deep sedation, head injury

Question 15

intubations sedative medications

Answer 15

etomidate, fentanyl, midazolam, propofol

Question 16

intubation paralytic medication

Answer 16

succinylcholine and rocuronium

Question 17

where does the tube need to sit in the trachea

Answer 17

below larynx above carina

Question 18

cricothyrotomy

Answer 18

emergency way to establish airway; tube inserted into trachea

Question 19

low pressure alarm

Answer 19

there is not enough pressure, cuff leak

Question 20

high pressure alarm

Answer 20

there is tooo much pressure, tube is kinked, lung not inflated, or breathing over vent

Question 21

apnea alarm

Answer 21

ventilator not providing breaths

Question 22

weaning criteria

Answer 22

hemodynamically stable, passed breathing trail, lower support, if BP,HR, and increased diaphoresis = not ready