emergence of PRC Flashcards
What was the Chinese Soviet?
After the Shanghai massacre in 1927, the communists escaped to the Jiangxi Province, where they created the first Chinese Soviet, this allowed them to regroup and reform their strength.
Who was Jiang Jieshi?
In 1925, after Sun Yixian death (the founder of the GMD), Jieshi became the leader of the GMD. 1928 he became president of china and commander- in- chief of the army.
Why is the period in the Jiangxi Province significant to Mao’s rise to power?
27-34
Mao recognized the power of the rural population.
Mao began implementing economic and social changes such as:
Land reform: land taken from warlords and given to peasants.
Mao and Zhu De worked together to build the Red Army
What were the original goals of the Red Army?
To protect the communist in the Jiangxi province against the threat of the NRA (Nationalist Revolutionary Army)
To spread propaganda in order to spread a more positive image of their army, aka help peasants and not loot their villages.
When and why did “The Long March” take place?
- CCP were forced to abandon the Jiangxi Province due to constant attacks from the GMD, and flee to Yan’an.
What was the significance of “The Long March” for the CCP?
Mao was able to impose his peasant based revolution
Several other communist emerged as talented leaders, such as Zhou Enlai.
Propaganda success as the CCP was able to spread its ideology on the way.
Military success even with heavy casualties.
From when till when was the CCP’s headquarters in Yan’an?
1936 to 1949
Why was the Yan’an period significant?
Mao imposed his leadership over his party, the Comintern and created a mini communist Soviet.
What social and cultural policies did Mao implement in the Yan’an period? How successful were they?
fighting corruption among officials
introducing literacy
introducing education programmes as well as basic health care.
His policies were successful and the number of people joining the CCP kept increasing: 40,000 in 1937 to 80,000 in 1941 reaching one million by the end of World War II.
How did Mao instil fear during the Yan’an period?
The political system established in Yan’an was an oppressive and dictatorial system. Stricts rules and regulations were implemented and peasants who did not follow them were punished.
What and when was the “Rectification Campaign” ?
Yan’an Period, 1942.
People were encouraged to confess their past mistakes (in thoughts as well as actions) in front of everyone in a form of self-criticism.
What were the consequences of the “rectification campaign” ?
Crushed Mao’s political opposition and secured his position.
It induced conformity among chinese people
It helped Mao to pursue his objective: Chinese Communism had become Maoism.
It helped indoctrinate new recruits to Maoism.
It introduced the method of ‘self-criticism’ which would become a feature of the maintenance of discipline in China.
What was the economic situation of the peasants in the Nanjing Decade?
The Jiang Jieshi government did not seek to improve the economic situation of the peasants, leaving them with old farming tools and equipment, which could not sustain the population of china.
How did Mao Zedong take advantage of the Jiang Jieshi government?
Unlike the nationalists and the Jiang Jieshi government, Mao Zedong knew what the support of the rural community could mean in gaining power, considering they made up 85% of the population.
When was the Sino-japanese war?
1937-1945
