Embryology of the Digestive System

Question 1

The endoderm forms the gut tube. True or False?

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

Te primordial gut is closed at its cranial end by the _______ membrane and at its caudal end by the ____ membrane.

Answer 2

1. Oropharyngeal

2. Cloacal Membrane

Question 3

The gut tube is suspended by the dorsal or ventral mesentary?

Answer 3

DORSAL

Question 4

The ventral Mesentery gives rise to what 2 structures?

Answer 4

1. Falciform Lig.

2. Lesser Omentum

Question 5

The dorsal mesentery elongated to the left, so the lesser sac is formed ____ the stomach.

Answer 5

BEHIND

Question 6

Which part of the duodenum is the only aspect NOT retroperitoneal?

Answer 6

1st part

• foregut & midgut

Question 7

What comprises the ventral pancreatic bud? The dorsal pancreatic bud?

Answer 7

1. most of head + UNCINATE

2. Dorsal = remainder of pancreas*

Question 8

Pancreas is fused with duodenum at which part?

Answer 8

2nd part

Question 9

The hepatic diverticulum gives what 3 structures?

Answer 9

1. Liver
2. Gall Bladder
3. Bilary Duct System

Question 10

The midgut rotates a total of ____ degrees around which artery?

Answer 10

270 degrees!

around SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY*

Question 11

What is Meckel’s Diverticulum?

Answer 11

Remnant of the Viteline Duct

SYNDROME OF 2’s

1. 2 feet from IC valve
2. 2 in long
3. 2% population
4. 2 % symptomatic
5. 2 types ectopic tissue (GASTRIC & PACREATIC)
6. 2 years at clinical presentation
7. 2x more common in BOYS

Question 12

What is the failure of return of the intestine to the abdominal cavity?

Answer 12

Omophalocele

• fist size mass in the umbilical cord
• covered by peritoneum & amnion

Question 13

What part of the hindgut gives rise to the urinary bladder & urethra?

Answer 13

UROGENITAL SINUS

Question 14

Which part of the anal canal developed from the ANAL PIT and not the hindgut?

Answer 14

INFERIOR PART

rectum & superior part = hindgut