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Boards > Embryo > Flashcards

Embryo Flashcards

1
Q

1st branchial/pharyngeal arch…

  • Cartilage structures?
  • Muscles?
  • Nerve(s)?
A

Maxilla, Mandible, Malleus, Incus

Mastication (4), anterior digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid

V2, V3 - CHEW

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2
Q

2nd branchial/pharyngeal arch…

  • Cartilage structures?
  • Muscles?
  • Nerve(s)?
A

Stapes, Styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid

Facial expression, stapedius, stylohoid, platysma, posterior digastric

VII - SMILE

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3
Q

3rd branchial/pharyngeal arch…

  • Cartilage structures?
  • Muscles?
  • Nerve(s)?
A

Greater horn of hyoid

Stylopharyngeus

IX - SWALLOW

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4
Q

4th branchial/pharyngeal arch…

  • Cartilage structures?
  • Muscles?
  • Nerve(s)?
A

Arytenoids, Cricoid, Corniculate, Cuneiform, Thyroid

Pharyngeal constrictors, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini

X (superior laryngeal branch) - TALK

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5
Q

6th branchial/pharyngeal arch…

  • Cartilage structures?
  • Muscles?
  • Nerve(s)?
A

Arytenoids, Cricoid, Corniculate, Cuneiform, Thyroid

Intrinsic larynx muscles EXCEPT cricothyroid

X (recurrent laryngeal branch) - TALK

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6
Q

Mandibulofacial dysostosis

Other name?

A

Neural crest dysfunction –> impaired arches 1 and 2
- Poorly formed mandible, ears, and palate

Treacher Collins syndrome

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7
Q

Pierre Robin sequence

A

Impaired arches 1 and 2

Micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft palate, airway obstruction

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8
Q

How to remember nerves for branchial arch derivatives?

A

At the restaurant with golden ARCHES…

1) Chew
(2) Smile (tastes so good
(3) Swallow
(4) Speak (“Yum”)

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9
Q

1st aortic arch

A

Maxillary artery (branch of external carotid)

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10
Q

2nd aortic arch

A

Stapedial and hyoid arteries

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11
Q

3rd aortic arch

A

Common carotid, proximal internal carotid arteries

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12
Q

4th aortic arch

A 
L = aortic arch
R = proximal R subclavian artery
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13
Q

6th aortic arch

A 
Both = proximal pulmonary arteries (at bifurcation)
L = ductus arteriosis
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14
Q

Branchial…

  • Clefts
  • Arches
  • Pouches
A

Clefts = ectoderm

Arches = mesoderm, neural crest

Pouches = endoderm

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15
Q

External auditory meatus…which part?

A

1st branchial/pharyngeal cleft

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16
Q

Branchial cleft cyst…which part?

Where?

A

Clefts 2-4

Lateral neck, anterior to SCM (fluctuant small mass)

17
Q

Truncus arteriosus

A

Ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk

18
Q

Bulbis cordis

A

Smooth outflow or L and R ventricles

19
Q

Primitive atrium/ventricle

A

Trabeculated parts of atria and ventricles

20
Q

Primitive pulmonary vein

A

Smooth part of L atrium

21
Q

L horn of sinus venosus

A

Coronary sinus

22
Q

R horn of sinus venosus

A

Sinus venarum (smooth part of R atrium)

23
Q

Common cardinal vein, anterior cardinal vein

A

SVC

24
Q

When does heart beat begin?

A

Week 4

25
Q

Heart valves - embryonic structure?

A

Endocardial cushions

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