EMB 3 Heart development

Question 1

when does circulation begin?/when the heart beats?

heart is derived from what layers?

Answer 1

Question 2

Heart fields

origin?/Location?

types?

types develop into?

Answer 2

Question 3

folding and the pericardial cavity

where does it start and end?

what germ layer?

Answer 3

Question 4

Heart primordia

germ layer?

Angioblastic (cardiogenic) cords have what?

do what?

Dorsal mesocardium is what?

Answer 4

Question 5

heart primordia

heart is from what germ layer?

different layers?

What does the dorsal mesocardium do?

what does it form?

Answer 5

Question 6

Neural crest contributions

originate f rom where?

migrate where?

participate in formation of what?

what regulates cardiac neural crest migration and differentiation?

Answer 6

Question 7

Heart formation

starts off with what?

primitive structures and location?

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

Heart formation: folding

Answer 9

Question 10

normal folding vs when it is opposite?

Answer 10

Question 11

Septation of Atrioventricular canal (AV)

when does it start? end?

disruption of what can cause defects?

Answer 11

Question 12

Septation atrioventricular canal

explain what happens?

Answer 12

Question 13

atria

Sinus venosus

horns give rise to what?

Answer 13

Question 14

Septation Atrium

creates what?

what do these have?

Answer 14

Question 15

septation atrium

what forms where?

(picture explanation)

Answer 15

Question 16

septation: ventricle

at first what happens

Answer 16

Question 17

septation: bulbus cordis and truncus arteriosus

Answer 17

Question 18

interventricular septum

made of what?

this will separate what?

Answer 18

Membranous part will separate left and right ventricles

Also left ventricle from right atrium due to folding

Question 19

cardiac valves

formation

Answer 19

Question 20

valve development

what happens when bulbar ridges fuse?

what tells us number of leaflets?

what creates the vavle cusp?

Answer 20

Question 21

congenital cardiac anomalies

classifications?

Answer 21

Question 22

Patent ductus arteriosus

Cyanotic or acyanotic?

characteristics?

persistent ductus arteriosus?

Answer 22

High pressure on left side makes it so blood goes into ductus arteriosus from aorta so left to right shunt.

Question 23

PDA why doesn’t it close?

what treats this?

Answer 23

Question 24

PDA x-ray

Answer 24

Question 25

Atrial Septal Defect

cyanotic or ancyanotic?

Answer 25

oxygenated blood flowing over to the right side

Question 26

ASD types?

Answer 26

Question 27

Ventricular septal defects

acyanotic or cyanotics?

embryologic basis?

Answer 27

Question 28

AV septal defect

acyanotic or cyanotic?

what other features would you see?

results in what?

what population is at high risk?

Answer 28

Question 29

AV septal defect type?

Answer 29

Question 30

corrected transposition of the great vessels

acyanotic or cyanotic?

explanation?

Answer 30

Question 31

transposition of great vessels

acyanotic or cyanotic?

features?

mechanism?

Answer 31

Question 32

Double outlet right ventricle

acyanotic or cyanotic?

features?

Answer 32

Question 33

Truncus arteriosus

acyanotic or cyanotic?

features?

embryologic?

Answer 33

Question 34

Tetralogy of Fallot

acyanotic or cyanotic?

features?

embryologic basis?

Answer 34

Question 35

Critical pulmonary stenosis

acyanotic or cyanotic?

features?

Answer 35

Question 36

critical Aortic Stenosis

acyanotic or cyanotic?

features?

Answer 36

Question 37

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

acyanotic or cyanotic?

features

dependent on?

Answer 37