Elizabethan Foreign Policy

Question 1

What were Elizabeth’s aim’s towards France? (4)

Answer 1

1. Prevent the Guises family from gaining full control of Scotland
2. Prevent alliance between Spain and France
3. Prevent France from gaining control of the Netherlans
4. Support protestants in the Netherlands

Question 2

What were Elizabeth’s aims towards Spain? (4)

Answer 2

1. Prevent alliance between Spain and France
2. Preventing increased Spanish control of the Netherlands
3. At first to remain an ally of Spain
4. support the Protestant cause without war

Question 3

What were Elizabeth’s aim once at war? (3)

Answer 3

1. Spend as little as possible
2. Use others to intervene on England’s behalf
3. Defeat invasion attempts

Question 4

When was the Treaty of Cateau Cambresis and what did it state?

Answer 4

Peace between France and Spain in 1559

Question 5

When was the Treaty of Edinburgh?

Answer 5

1560

Question 6

What were the terms of the Treaty of Edinburgh?

Answer 6

1. both French and English troops withdrew from Scotland

Question 7

What treaty preceeded the Treay of Edinburgh and what did this treaty do?

Answer 7

The Treaty of Berwick send aid to Scottish rebels to prevent Mary of Guise re-establishing control

Question 8

What was Elizabeth’s response to internal violence in France in 1562?

Answer 8

The Treaty of Hampton Court with Louis of Bourbon were she sent 3000 troops under Dudley and aid to the Hugenots

Question 9

What did the Hugenots do despite the 1562 Treaty of Hampton Court?

Answer 9

Combined forces with the Catholics to expel the English

Question 10

When was the Treaty of Troyes and what did it do?

Answer 10

1564, an end to hostilies between England and France where French ownership of Calais was recognised

Question 11

Why did Elizabeth entertain marriage negotiations with the Duke of Anjou in 1570?

Answer 11

so that he will intervene in the Netherlands on her behalf

Question 12

What was the mutual defence Treaty between England and France in 1572, and what else did it do?

Answer 12

Treaty of Blois, France would no longer support MQS’s claim to the English throne

Question 13

When was the St Bartholemews day massacre and what was it?

Answer 13

1572, 3000 Hugenots killed by Catholics, putting strain on Protestant Englands relationship with France

Question 14

When is the Treaty of Blois?

Answer 14

1572, renewed with the new king in 1574

Question 15

When do Catholics gain full control in France and what do they do?

Answer 15

1584, they sign the Treaty of Joinville with Spain to force out Protestantism

Question 16

When do Protestants take control of France under Henry of Navarre and what is Elizabeth’s response?

Answer 16

1589, Elizabeth sends money and 20,000 troops to support him

Question 17

What does Henry of Navarre (Henry IV) do in 1593?

Answer 17

Converts to Catholicism and makes peace with the Catholics and eventually with Spain

Question 18

How do the peace talks with Spain in 1599 relflect Elizabeth’s aims?

Answer 18

1. she demanded no financial compensation or territoral gain
2. demanded Netherlands be independent even if under Spanish sovereignty

Question 19

When did Phillip II face a major rebellion in the Netherlands?

Answer 19

1566

Question 20

What was Phillip’s response to the rebellion in the Netherlands in 1566 and why was this problem for Elizabeth?

Answer 20

in 1567 he sent to Duke of Alva to the Netherlands with 50,000 troops to crush the rebellion. This threatened English security as Phillip could use the Netherlands as a jumping of point to invade England

Question 21

What did Elizabeth do with regards to the sea beggars?

Answer 21

She allowed them to take refuge in England, which they used as a base for attacking Spanish ships

Question 22

What did Cecil order in 1568?

Answer 22

He ordered Spanish bullion worth 400,000 florins which was in England due to a storm, to be seized and kept by Elizabeth, thus preventing the money from going to Alva

Question 23

What was the Spanish reaction to the seizure of their bullion in 1568?

Answer 23

De Spes urged Alva to seize English ships and property in the Netherlands

Question 24

In what way did Phillip support the Ridolfi Plot in 1571?

Answer 24

he instructed Alva to be prepared to sent 10,000 troops to England

Question 25

What are the results of Elizabeth allowing Protestant exiles from the Netherlands to seek refuge in England?

Answer 25

Creates further tensions between her and Spain, her interference is enough to get concessions such as allowing trade between England and the Netherlands