Edwardian Government Flashcards

1
Q

What led Somerset to continue a heavy military expenditure?

A

His overriding concern with the Scottish war

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2
Q

How much did campaigns against Scotland between 1547 and 1549 cost?

A

£580,000

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3
Q

What did Somerset do about debasement?

A

Nothing, the practice was continued

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4
Q

When was Somerset’s enclosure commission established and whom was it under?

A

established in 1548 under John Hales

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5
Q

What did June 1548 proclamations regarding enclosures state?

A

all anti enclosure statutes were to be enforced

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6
Q

What was to happened under the Vagrancy Act of 1547?

A
  1. abled bodied persons who had been out of work for 3 days were to be branded with a V and sold into slavery for 2 years.
  2. Children to be taken from their parents and made to work as apprentices
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7
Q

Why was the Vagrancy Act of 1547 seen as necessary ?

A

The number of poor people was increasing and the poor were becoming more mobile in response to developing towns such as London

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8
Q

What did Parliament do under Somerset?

A

Continued to meet regularly and was used to pass religious laws, but not to establish or destroy the protectorate

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9
Q

How did Somerset rule and how was he able to do this?

A

By proclamation, he had control of the privy seal and the dry stamp

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10
Q

What did Somerset do with regards to the Privy Council?

A

He effectivly bypassed it

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11
Q

Where did the Privy Council meet under Somerset?

A

Somerset house, his residence rather than royal palaces

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12
Q

What was the result of rising population?

A

Contributed to inflation and put pressure on resources

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13
Q

What became illegal in 1548 and why?

A

Level of disorder had grown to such a level that spreading rumours became illegal as did unlawful assembly

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14
Q

What did the governments policy towards enclosures lead people to believe?

A

Peasants believed that the government was genuinely protecting them and deeply worried the landed classes

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15
Q

What happened to the 1547 Vagrancy Act under Northumberland?

A

it was repealed, however its provisions for the care of the disabled were retained

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16
Q

Who was appointed Lord Treasurer by Northumberland in 1550?

A

William Paulet

17
Q

What did Northumberland do to address the issues caused by debasement of the coinage?

A

In 1552 the silver content was fixed at the levels it had been in 1527

18
Q

When did the Antwerp market collapse and what was the result for the crown?

A

1551/1552, the crown now had to pay back the money it borrowed

19
Q

Who took 40 trips to Antwerp to repay the debt and negotiate interest rate?

A

Sir Thomas Gresham

20
Q

What did Sir Thomas Gresham do?

A

He took over 40 trips to Antwerp to repay debt and negotiate loans to a comparitivly low 12% interest rate. He also ensured the exchange rate was at a favourable level for the crown

21
Q

What did Paulet do as Lord Treasurer?

A

Enforced stricter methods of accountinf and comissions were established to enquire into state finances

22
Q

What was the royal debt in 1550 and 1553?

A

1550: £300,000
1553: £180,000

23
Q

What did Northumberland do to begin to pay of royal debts and how much did each activity raise?

A
  1. Selling of crown lands: £210,000
  2. raising extra ordinary parliamentry taxes: £36,000
  3. claiming debt owed: £16,000
  4. Borrowing from Europe
24
Q

What was returned to France and for what price?

A

Boulogne for £133,333

25
Q

What was done to reduce government spending under Northumberland?

A

Reductions in military and household expenditure and garrisons withdrawn from Scotland

26
Q

What did Northumberland’s government taken action to control of by 1551?

A

taken action to control grain stocks to relieve the crisis caused by successive harvest failures

27
Q

What did Northumberland give himself the title off and what did it allow him to do?

A

Title of Lord President of the Council which allowed him to fix the agenda of meetings and bar councillers who opposed him

28
Q

What was repealed in 1550 by Northumberland?

A

The Sheep Tax

29
Q

What did the new treason laws of 1550 do?

A

re-instated censorship

30
Q

How did Northumberland maintain order?

A

Using Lord Lieutenants and retainers of trusted nobles