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elizabeth part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

differences in protestant and catholic beliefs x3

A
  1. transubstantiation
  2. decorations in church
  3. bible language
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2
Q

what were the two acts which made the middle way

A
  1. the act of supremacy 1559
  2. the act of uniformity 1559
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3
Q

the act of supremacy

A

1559
established the church of england
establised elizabeth as the governor but not the head as pope was head
all clergy signed an oath of loyalty to Elizabeth
THIS MEANT SHE BROKE OFF FROM THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THEREFORE THE POPE

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4
Q

the act of uniformity

A

1559
ended quarrels about how the church of england should be run
P - book of common prayer in English
P - clergy allowed to marry
C - crosses and candles
C - altars replaced by communion tables
compromises: christ is ‘present’ in communion, Anglican communion

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5
Q

when was the northern rebellion

A

1569

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6
Q

when was the papal bull of excommunication

A

1570

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7
Q

when was the treason act

A

1571 - if you are out of the country for 6+ months your land will be taken away - stops nobles from raising abroad catholic armies

Denying Elizabeth as the governor of the church would lead to a trial for treason

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8
Q

when was the ridolfi plot

A

1571

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9
Q

when was the st bartholomews day massacre

A

1572

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10
Q

when did the first jesuits arrive in England

A

1580
Priests such as Edmund Camption hid in Priest holes for up to 4 days to hide from law enforcement

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11
Q

when was the tightening of recusancy laws and execution of Edmund Campion

A

1581
recusants charged 20£

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12
Q

when was the throckmorton plot

A

1583

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13
Q

when did phillip of spain sign a catholic alliance with france to eradicate protestantism

A

1584

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14
Q

when was the babington plot

A

1586

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15
Q

when was the execution of mary queen of scots

A

1587

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16
Q

when was the spanish armada

A

1588

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17
Q

when were large gatherings of catholics banned

A

1593

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18
Q

when does elizabeth die

A

1603

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19
Q

when is elizabeth born

A

1533

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20
Q

when does elizabeth take the throne

A

1558

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21
Q

when was the act against jesuits and seminary priests

A

1585
all jesuits are ordered to leave within 40 days

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22
Q

when could catholics not travel 5+ miles

23
Q

how many recusants were in 1603

A

2% - elizabeth had clearly succeeded because 98% of the population went to church

24
Q

puritan opposition - walter strickland

A

1571 - a puritan MP wanted a new prayer book. Elizabeth closed parliament

25
puritan opposition - pamphlets
1572 - elizabeth ordered an attack on pamphleteers and printing presses who published anti-episcopal system pamphlets
26
puritan opposition - peter wentworth
1576 - an MP challeneged elizabeth in parliament. elizabeth imprisoned him in the tower of london
27
puritan opposition - edmund grindal
1576 - he was archbishop of canterbury and was accused of prophesying which is holding bible meetings discussing the bible, Elizabeth placed him under house arrest where he remained for 7 years until he died. he was replaced by john whitgift, who suspended 300 ministers for not swearing an oath of loyalty
28
northern earls rebellion
1569 - the duke of norfolk wanted to marry MQS and give her an heir to follow Elizabeth he was jealous of Cecils power, which was why Robert Dudley was involved Dudley confessed the plan to Elizabeth -> Duke of Norfolk was captured. the duke of Northumberland and westmorland were afraid they'd have the same fate so they gathered 5000 people in novermber 1569 to march on london the Spanish didn't help as they hated MQS for being french. Northumberland was beheaded in August 1572. 450 REBELS EXECUTED the duke of norfolk was released from the tower at the same time, after 9 months of captivity
29
the ridolfi plot
1571 lot of catholic support due to the papal bull catholic italian banker roberto di ridolfi wanted Elizabeth assassinated and replaced by MQS 6000 troops from spain would land in essex and amass an army of 40,000 from England MQS was supportive of this. Walsingham found out about the plot. Ridolfi escaped, but Walsingham wanted the execution of Norfolk and MQS Norfolk was assassinated in June 1572, MQS was spared
30
throckmorton plot
1583 french catholics, backed by the spanish and Papal money would invade England, Elizabeth would be murdered and replaced by MQS Walsingham discovered this plot Throckmorton was tortured and executed MQS was spared and not allowed visitors
31
babington plot
MQS not allowed visitors so she sent coded letters to Anthony Babington. Walsingham knew all along in July, Mary wrote a letter of approval. Walsingham intercepted the two and Babington was hung drawn and quartered in September
32
trial and execution of MQS
after the Babignton plot, there was undeniable evidence of MQS guilt, in October 1586, she was placed on trial for treason. Elizabeth was indecisive. Cecil prepared a death warrant in DEC and Elizabeth didn't sign until FEB 1587, she even didn't seal the warrant to argue she was not in approval of this decision and it was the nobles faults FEB 8TH 1587 she was beheaded it took
33
why did the british win against the Spanish armada x7
1. leadership 2. lack of spanish supplies 3. spanish panic 4. poor comms 5. the weather 6. equipment and ships 7. tactics
34
how did SPANISH leadership affect the winner
duke of medina sidonia - he was inexperienced, only did it to gain social standing duke of palma - he was based in the Netherlands with troops, so comms were bad
35
how did ENGLISH leadership affect the winner
lord charles howard - he was a good leader and somewhat experienced sir francis drake - he was extremely experienced and his men loved him. his position was based on merit
36
how did supplies help the english win
by august, most of the spanish food had rotted which decreased morale and made them vulnerable in their position as it meant they needed to hurry
37
how did spanish panic help the englsih win
at the battle at the isle of wight, the Spanish panicked and used lots of ammunition, becoming vulnerable, they then needed to meet the duke of palma in the Netherlands more than ever
38
how did poor comms help the english win
the duke of palma was absed in the Netherlands, so to communicate with the duke of medina sidonia, he would have to sail through the english channel.
39
how did the weather help the english to win
gods protestant wind blew the ships north and scattered them, forcing them to go home
40
how did SPANISH ships help england win
they were large, slow galleons short range guns which could take up to an hour to reload, individually
41
how did ENGLISH ships help england to win
They were small, fast and agile they had longer-range guns called culverins which could be quickly reloaded they had a manoeuvrable single file formation
42
how did tactics help the english win
english boats sailed in single file lines which were more manoeuvrable, francis drake also had the idea to send out FIRESHIPS these didn't do a lot of damage but broke up the cresent formation, leaving the Spanish vulnerable to attack
43
when was the spanish armada first sighted
31st July 1588
44
when was the battle at the isle of wight
3rd August 1588
45
when did drake send the fireships and when was the battle of gravelines
on the night of the 7th August on the 8th August
46
how many fireships were sent out
8
47
battle of gravelines
8th august 1588 2 fleets engaged in combat 1000 Spanish men lost 5 Spanish ships lost no english ships lost the armada's formation was broken up by god's protestant wind so they had to sail into the wind to attack the english
48
tilbury
elizabeth visited her troops in tilbury and gave a rousing speech blah blah blah
49
spanish armada planning
130 spanish ships 2500 guns +30,000 troops in netherlands
50
english planning
no equipment training 20,000 men gathered 34 battleships trading companies were made to give up their ships - +200 ships
51
when did MQS arrive in england
May 1568 - Cumberland
52
MQS life
born as queen of scotland 1542 raised as a catholic in France foreigner in her own land as they went through a protestant reformation married lord darnley for a claim to the English throne darnely killed in fire 1567 married bothwell - they are both suspected for the murder of darnely fled to england in 1568 house arrest for 14 years death in 1587
53
how many rebels executed after the northern earls rebellion
450

history (15 decks)

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