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history > conflict and tension 1918-33 > Flashcards

conflict and tension 1918-33 Flashcards

tofv, lofn

1
Q

when was the tofv signed

A

1919

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2
Q

when did usa join ww1

A

1917

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3
Q

b r a t

A

blame reparations army territory

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4
Q

blame

A

germany had to accept repsonsibility for starting the war
article 231 - war guilt clause

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5
Q

reparations

A

germany had to pay £6.6 billion - estimated 1988 to pay back

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6
Q

army

A

limited to 100,000 men, no subs or tanks or planes

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7
Q

territory

A

10% of germany was taken, to form poland and czechoslovakia(rich in natural resources and defences)
no anschluss, 15 year ban on Saar coal mines, lost colonies lost alsalce lorraine

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8
Q

why was tofv fair- hypocritism

A

germany would have done the same thing, when they gave a treaty to russia, it was very harsh
brest-litovsk

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9
Q

why was tofv fair - civillians

A

they killed 6500 civillians in 4 months

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10
Q

why was tofv unfair - diktat

A

diktat - dictated peace

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11
Q

why was tofv unfair - treaty of sevres

A

britain changed turkey’s treaty - treaty of sevres to have no reparations and no army limit and thye got land.

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12
Q

why was tofv unfair - fear

A

germany had 6 million people scared of persection

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13
Q

effects of tofv - pride

A

no army

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14
Q

effects of tofv - reparations

A

crippled economy, lead to hyper inflation

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15
Q

big three

A

woodrow wilson usa georges clemenceau france david lloyd geoge britain

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16
Q

league of nations start

A

1920

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17
Q

who joined initially

A

britain france italy japan

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18
Q

why was russia not allowed to join

A

britain were suspicious of communist government

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19
Q

sanctions moral

A

appealing to humanity

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20
Q

sanctions economic

A

stoppping trade

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21
Q

sanctions military force

A

armies uniting as threat

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22
Q

failures of set up of lofn usa

A

usa werent there so undermined power

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23
Q

failures of set up of lofn leaving

A

japan italy germany eventually left

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24
Q

failures of set up of lofn vetos

A

big powers got vetos which opposed the idea of it being a democracy

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25
failures of set up of lofn reliance
relied on goodwill and persuasion - had not army or force
26
# corfu successes of lofn
mussolini invaded greece because italian soldiers died, lofn said italy had to withdraw troops but greece had to pay compensation
27
# manchurian crisis failures of lofn
1933 - china had valuable space and resources that japan needed. china was weak due to revolution. japanese blew up the manchuria railway and invaded saying thye would rule china better. lord lytton from lofn was sent and a year later, morally sanctioned japan.
28
when was manchurian crisis
1933
29
more weaknesses of the lofn - time
took time to make a decision as all decisions needed to be unanimous
30
why was manchuria such a failure - economic
they wouldnt use economic sanctions because japan was trading partners with the usa who werent in the lofn
31
why was manchuria such a failure - ussr
could have helped due to geographical location? but wasnt allowed in the lofn
32
why was manchuria such a failure - time
took 1 year for a report
33
why was manchuria such a failure - britain's self interest
china was far away and wasnt relevant in britain and france's economy so they weren't quick to act
34
what did the lofn set up
agencies
35
lofn agency opium
permanent central opium board - tried to stop the production of illegal opium and sale. - blacklisted four large companies - **the leaders weren't interested in stopping the sale as they were amking money from being hired.**
36
lofn agency economic
economic and financial committee - rebuilt economies - helped austria-hungary not go bankrupt - **the great depression in 1929**
37
lofn agency health
the health committee - started a campaign to eradicate mosquitoes - helped educate russia on sanitation - still exists today as the world health organisation
38
lofn agency slavery
the slavery commission - set 200,000 people free
39
why did the german people turn to hitler
when the kaiser resigned, the weimar republic was started, but it was not strong enough to run the country as there was hyperinflation
40
how many civillians died due to starvation in germany
763,000
41
what were the german government known as due to signing the treaty of versailles
the november criminals
42
what was the hypocrytic treaty between geramny to ussr
brest-litovsk
43
what was treaty of st germain
austria lost land to italya nd romania no reparations fixed czechoslavia and poland made 30000 men in army no anschluss
44
what was the st germain treaty
austria lsot lad to italy and romania 30k men in army no set reparations no anschluss
45
treaty of sevres
turkey lost land to greece only allowed constantinople empire was split up 50k men revolted and overthrew govermnentt so the allies changed it as they threatened war => treaty of laussanne more land bakc and any army, no reparations
46
when was locarno treaty
1935
47
what was locarno treaty
where germany signed an agreeement they were allowed into lofn - france belgium czech england italy signed promising no war a few days into hitlers rule, he left at the dearmamnet geneva conference in 1933
48
upper silesia
21-25 germany abd poland both wanted to claim the land, unfair plebiscite, so lofn split it up germay appealed to the lofn and got cheap coal transport importation so relations actually worsened no peace
49
the aaland islands
1921 sweden and finladn both wanted island. lofn gave to filand but they couldnt use it as a military base to attack sweden, so war was avoided
50
what year was corfu
1923
51
what is the kellog-briand pact
1928 - 65 countirs in paris sayign they wouldnt use war as a reolve to dispute. this took place outside the league so undermined their power.
52
why was manchuria a proper failure
japan launched an ivasion on the rest of china in 1937
53
why did the league not do that mcuh against the abyssinian crisis
becaus eof the stresa front, they wanted to make sure italy was kept an ally.
54
how may italisns vs abyssinians were killed
2 italians : 150 abyssinians
55
abyssinia further
the emperor of abyssinia warned the lofn against it but the league did nothing
56
abyssinia what happened french minister
he met mussolini in secret to say he wouldnt interefere and gave mussolini land in chad and said to do what he wants there
57
what and when was the hoare leval pact
1935 britain and france secretley met with itlay and allowed them to have areas only self interest
58
what was the suez canal
where mussolini would have had to go to invade, britain and france could have closed it at any time
59
what was vilna
1920 - capital of lithunia - poland sent army in and took it over. vilna appealed to the league and the league did nothing becuase france and britain wanted poland as an ally
60
bulgaria 1925
greek soldiers invaded bulgaria as thier soldiers were killed on the border, thye did this as italy did the asme thing to them but the league condemned greece. showed that small coutnries coudlnt rely on the league
61
bulgaria 1925
greek soldiers invaded bulgaria as thier soldiers were killed on the border, thye did this as italy did the asme thing to them but the league condemned greece. showed that small coutnries coudlnt rely on the leaguew
62
what did the soldiers ride in on in 1936
bikes into the rhineland
63
what happened anschluss
1938 schuschnigg met hitler schsusnigg started a plebisicte as he knew hitler needed a reason to invade. it was postponed. that ame day, hitler made schsishnigg redign and seyss-inquart came into power. nazi troops invaded austria and a plebiscite was held which was heavily enforced by nazis 99% voted yes.
64
what happened sudetenland
1938 go to holiday home and arrange that czech poland and germany get some of sudetenland then hitler changed mind and wants all munich conference held ussr not invited and neithe czech 1938 then hitler took the rest of czech as they were defenseless
65
why did appeasement not work
1. more he was given, the more confident he grew 2. was a gamble 3. allowed germany to grow strong again 4. showed britain and france were weak

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