Electrolytes And Abx Flashcards
What drugs can cause hypercalcaemia
Thiazides
Lithium
Tamoxifen
What drugs cause hypocalcaemia
Busphosphonates
LOOO diuretics
Phenytoin
What may you require treatment with for hypocalcaemia
Calcium and vitamin d
What can hyperkalaemia result in
Ventricular fibrillation
Cardiac arrest
What drugs can cause hyperkalaemia
Heparins ACEi/arbs Digoxin BB Epleronone Amiloride NSAIDs Spironolactone
Symptoms of hypokalaemia
Muscle weakness Hypotonia Depression Confusion Arrhythmias
Treatment for hypokalaemia
Potassium supplements
Check not drug induced
Symptoms of hypernatraemia
Water depletion
Confusion
Coma
What drugs can cause hypernatraemia
Corticosteroids
Phenytoin
Lithium
Contraceptives
What drugs can cause hyponatraemia
Carbamazepine
Thiazide and loop diuretics
Antidepressants
Desmopressin
Symptoms of hyperglycaemia
Polyuria Polydipsia Unexplained weight loss Visual blurring Genital thrush
How is hypothyroidism indicated
Low T4
High TSH
Signs of hypothyroidism
Weight gain Bradycardia Depression Thinning hair Constipation Tiredness
Indication for hyperthyroidism
High T4
Low TSH
Signs of hyperthyroidism
Weight loss Sweating Tachycardia Diahorrea Tremor
Drugs that cause hypokalaemia
Diuretics Insulin B2agonist Theophylline Corticosteroids
What’s generally prescribed for anaerobes
Metronidazole
What’s generally prescribed for Mrsa
Vancomycin
What’s generally prescribed for staphylococcus
Flucoxacillin
What’s generally prescribed for streptococcus
Benzylmethylpenicillin
What’s generally prescribed for pseudomonas aeruginosa
Gentamicin (aminoglycosides)
First line for acute sore throat
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
Macrolide for pregnant women
Erythromycin
First line for scarlet fever
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
First like for otitis media?
For penicillin allergy?
Amoxicillin
Clarithromycin
First line abx for acute cough
Doxycycline
First like for CAP
Amoxicillin Or Doxycycline Or Clarithromycin
First line for HAP
Coamoxiclav Or Doxycycline Or Ceflaxin
First line for LRTI
Nitrofurantoin (avoid at term) and if eGFR <45
Trimethoprim (preferred in renal failure but can’t use when pregnant)
Treatment for upper UTI
Ceflaxin (non pregnant and men treatment)
Or
Coamoxiclav
First line in oral candidiasis
Miconazole oral gel
Nystatin
Fluconazole capsule
C.diff
Vancomycin
Metronidazole
Fidaxomicin
First line for travellers diarrhoea
Azithromycin
Prophylaxis and treatment for travellers diarrhoea
Bismuth subsalicylate
First line for h pylori infections
PPI plus 2 antibiotics
Amoxicillin or clarithromycin or metronidazole
First line in diverticulitis
Co amoxiclav
First line treatment for threadworm
Mebendazole
Treatment for threadworms in pregnant women or babies too young
Hygiene measures for 6 weeks
What’s the hpv vaccine for
Cervical cancer
Treatment for chlamydia
Doxycycline
Azithromycin
Treatment for vaginal candidiasis
Clotrimazole
Or
Fluconazole
Treatment for bv
Metronidazole
Treatment for eczema bacterial infection
Fusidic acid
Flucloxacillin
Treatment for impetigo
Hydrogen peroxide
Fuscidic acid
Oral
Flucloxacillin
Treatment for tick bites (Lyme disease)
Doxycycline
Amoxicillin
Treatment for scabies
Permethrin
Malathion
Treatment for human and animal bites
Coamoxiclav
Doxycycline and metronidazole
First line for varicella zoster (chicken pox) and herpes zoster (shingles)
Aciclovir
First line for conjunctivitis
Chlorphenacol
First line for dental abscess
Metronidazole
Amoxicillin
First line for nail infection
Terbinafine
What to give for an acute exacerbation of COPD
Amoxicillin
Or
Doxycycline
First line for mastitis (boob infection)
Flucloxacillin
What brand is glargine and it’s action
Lantus
Long acting
What action does isophane have
Intermediate acting
What brand is detemir and it’s action
Levemir
Long acting
What brand and action is degludec
Trisiba
Long acting
What brand is lispro and action
Humalog
Rapid acting
What brand is aspart and action
Aspart
Novarapid
What brand is glulisine and mode of action
Apidra
Rapid action
What insulin’s are long acting
Glargine
Determir
Degludec
Protamine zinc
What insulin’s are rapid acting
Lispro
Aspart
Glulisine