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Pre-reg > Electrolytes And Abx > Flashcards

Electrolytes And Abx Flashcards

1
Q

What drugs can cause hypercalcaemia

A

Thiazides
Lithium
Tamoxifen

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2
Q

What drugs cause hypocalcaemia

A

Busphosphonates
LOOO diuretics
Phenytoin

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3
Q

What may you require treatment with for hypocalcaemia

A

Calcium and vitamin d

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4
Q

What can hyperkalaemia result in

A

Ventricular fibrillation

Cardiac arrest

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5
Q

What drugs can cause hyperkalaemia

A 
Heparins 
ACEi/arbs
Digoxin 
BB
Epleronone 
Amiloride
NSAIDs
Spironolactone
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6
Q

Symptoms of hypokalaemia

A 
Muscle weakness 
Hypotonia 
Depression 
Confusion 
Arrhythmias
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7
Q

Treatment for hypokalaemia

A

Potassium supplements

Check not drug induced

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8
Q

Symptoms of hypernatraemia

A

Water depletion
Confusion
Coma

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9
Q

What drugs can cause hypernatraemia

A

Corticosteroids
Phenytoin
Lithium
Contraceptives

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10
Q

What drugs can cause hyponatraemia

A

Carbamazepine
Thiazide and loop diuretics
Antidepressants
Desmopressin

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11
Q

Symptoms of hyperglycaemia

A 
Polyuria
Polydipsia 
Unexplained weight loss 
Visual blurring 
Genital thrush
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12
Q

How is hypothyroidism indicated

A

Low T4

High TSH

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13
Q

Signs of hypothyroidism

A 
Weight gain 
Bradycardia 
Depression 
Thinning hair 
Constipation 
Tiredness
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14
Q

Indication for hyperthyroidism

A

High T4

Low TSH

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15
Q

Signs of hyperthyroidism

A 
Weight loss
Sweating 
Tachycardia
Diahorrea 
Tremor
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16
Q

Drugs that cause hypokalaemia

A 
Diuretics 
Insulin 
B2agonist 
Theophylline 
Corticosteroids
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17
Q

What’s generally prescribed for anaerobes

A

Metronidazole

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18
Q

What’s generally prescribed for Mrsa

A

Vancomycin

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19
Q

What’s generally prescribed for staphylococcus

A

Flucoxacillin

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20
Q

What’s generally prescribed for streptococcus

A

Benzylmethylpenicillin

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21
Q

What’s generally prescribed for pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Gentamicin (aminoglycosides)

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22
Q

First line for acute sore throat

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

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23
Q

Macrolide for pregnant women

A

Erythromycin

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24
Q

First line for scarlet fever

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

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25
Q

First like for otitis media?

For penicillin allergy?

A

Amoxicillin

Clarithromycin

26
Q

First line abx for acute cough

A

Doxycycline

27
Q

First like for CAP

A 
Amoxicillin 
Or 
Doxycycline 
Or
Clarithromycin
28
Q

First line for HAP

A 
Coamoxiclav 
Or
Doxycycline 
Or
Ceflaxin
29
Q

First line for LRTI

A

Nitrofurantoin (avoid at term) and if eGFR <45

Trimethoprim (preferred in renal failure but can’t use when pregnant)

30
Q

Treatment for upper UTI

A

Ceflaxin (non pregnant and men treatment)
Or
Coamoxiclav

31
Q

First line in oral candidiasis

A

Miconazole oral gel
Nystatin
Fluconazole capsule

32
Q

C.diff

A

Vancomycin
Metronidazole
Fidaxomicin

33
Q

First line for travellers diarrhoea

A

Azithromycin

34
Q

Prophylaxis and treatment for travellers diarrhoea

A

Bismuth subsalicylate

35
Q

First line for h pylori infections

A

PPI plus 2 antibiotics

Amoxicillin or clarithromycin or metronidazole

36
Q

First line in diverticulitis

A

Co amoxiclav

37
Q

First line treatment for threadworm

A

Mebendazole

38
Q

Treatment for threadworms in pregnant women or babies too young

A

Hygiene measures for 6 weeks

39
Q

What’s the hpv vaccine for

A

Cervical cancer

40
Q

Treatment for chlamydia

A

Doxycycline

Azithromycin

41
Q

Treatment for vaginal candidiasis

A

Clotrimazole
Or
Fluconazole

42
Q

Treatment for bv

A

Metronidazole

43
Q

Treatment for eczema bacterial infection

A

Fusidic acid

Flucloxacillin

44
Q

Treatment for impetigo

A

Hydrogen peroxide
Fuscidic acid

Oral
Flucloxacillin

45
Q

Treatment for tick bites (Lyme disease)

A

Doxycycline

Amoxicillin

46
Q

Treatment for scabies

A

Permethrin

Malathion

47
Q

Treatment for human and animal bites

A

Coamoxiclav

Doxycycline and metronidazole

48
Q

First line for varicella zoster (chicken pox) and herpes zoster (shingles)

A

Aciclovir

49
Q

First line for conjunctivitis

A

Chlorphenacol

50
Q

First line for dental abscess

A

Metronidazole

Amoxicillin

51
Q

First line for nail infection

A

Terbinafine

52
Q

What to give for an acute exacerbation of COPD

A

Amoxicillin

Or

Doxycycline

53
Q

First line for mastitis (boob infection)

A

Flucloxacillin

54
Q

What brand is glargine and it’s action

A

Lantus

Long acting

55
Q

What action does isophane have

A

Intermediate acting

56
Q

What brand is detemir and it’s action

A

Levemir

Long acting

57
Q

What brand and action is degludec

A

Trisiba

Long acting

58
Q

What brand is lispro and action

A

Humalog

Rapid acting

59
Q

What brand is aspart and action

A

Aspart

Novarapid

60
Q

What brand is glulisine and mode of action

A

Apidra

Rapid action

61
Q

What insulin’s are long acting

A

Glargine
Determir
Degludec
Protamine zinc

62
Q

What insulin’s are rapid acting

A

Lispro
Aspart
Glulisine

Pre-reg (27 decks)

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