Chapter 12- Ear, Nose And Oropharynx Flashcards
What is Otis externa
An inflammatory reaction in the outer part of the ear
What can be used for otitis externa
Neomycin (prolonged use can lead to fungal infection)
Acetic acid (Earcalm) has antifungal and antibacterial activity
How can pain associated with otitis externa be treated
Paracetamol or ibuprofen
How is otitis media treated
Pain relief and if not resolved after 3 days antibiotic can be initiated
(Ear drops not effective)
How can ear wax be removed
Softened with olive oil, almond oil or sodium bicarbonate
Irrigation with Warm water can also be used but avoided in young people, people with history of ear infection or inflammation or surgery
How can rhinitis be treated
Oral antihistamine (azelastine)
Topical nasal corticosteroid (beclometasone, momentasone)
Topical decongestant
What can be used to relieve pain in traumatic ulcers
Warm saline mouthwashes
Chlorhexidine mouth wash
Corticosteroids oromucosal tablets (may lead to thrush)
What’s sore throat usually caused by
Viral infections
How can oral thrush be treated
Nystatin (not systemically absorbed)
Miconazole (4 months +)
Systemic fluconazole (of unresponsive)
A few mouth washes and their uses
Hydrogen peroxide containing mouth wash useful in treating ulcerative gingivitis
Chlorhexidine is an effective antiseptic controls the formation of plaque on the teeth (used in patients unable to brush their teeth)
Fluoride is used in the prophylaxis of dental caries
When should an unexplained mouth ulcer be referred to hospital
More that 3 weeks to exclude oral cancer
Otc treatment for otitis externa
Acetic acid (ear calm spray)
Otc treatment for otitis media
No treatment necessary
Resolved itself within 3-5 days
What additions information do you need to obtain before supplying cerumol ear drops
It contains arachis oil (peanut oil) so find out if they have a peanut or soya allergy
To whom is the supply of acetic acid (ear calm) not permitted
Children under 12
