Electrolytes Flashcards
1
Q
At what rate can potassium be replaced in the body?
A
10mmol/l max
2
Q
Which electrolyte accompanies hypoakalaemia?
A
Magnesium
Treat the magnesium levels or it will be difficult to treat the hypokalaemia
3
Q
What are some ECG signs of hyperkalaemia?
A
Tall T waves
Flattened P waves
4
Q
What are some ECH signs of hypokalaemia?
A
Decreased T wave size
5
Q
How is severe hyperkalaemia treated?
A
Give calcium gluconate/ calcium chloride with dextrose infusion
- The calcium stabilises the heart and the dextrose shifts the potassium intracellularly
Often needs multiple doses
6
Q
What are some causes of hyperkalaemia?
A
AKI
Drugs like spironolactone
Rhabdomyolysis
7
Q
How does vitamin D link to serum calcium levels?
A
Vitamin D helps with calcium absorption from the gut
8
Q
What are some causes of hypocalcaemia?
A
- Low vitamin D
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Renal disease
