Electrolysis Flashcards
What is the electrolyte?
The liquid that conducts the electricity.
What happens if you pass an electric current through an ionic substance that molten or in solution?
It breaks it down into the elements that it is made of.
What is the liquid that conducts electricity called?
The electrolyte.
What do you electrolytes contain?
Free electrons.
This is because they are usually the molten or dissolved ionic substance
In electrolysis what conducts electricity?
The free ions and delocalised electrons.
What is reduction in electrolysis?
The gain of electrons.
What is oxidation?
The loss of electrons.
What happens the positive ions in electrolysis?
They are attracted to the negative electrode here they gain electrons. This is reduction.
What happens to negative electrons in electrolysis?
They are attracted to the positive electrode.
Here they lose electrons, this is called oxidation.
What are the products of the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution?
Hydrogen
Chlorine
Sodium hydroxide
In electrolysis of sodium chloride solution what is produced in the negative electrode?
Hydrogen is produced.
Two hydrogen ions except two electrons and then become one hydrogen molecule
In the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution what is produced on the positive electrode?
Chlorine is produced at the positive electrode.
To chlorine ions gain electrons and become one chlorine molecule.
How is aluminium extracted?
Electrolysis.
What is the ore of aluminium?
Bauxite.
What is bauxite made of?
Aluminium oxide
Why is cryolite used in the electrolysis of aluminium?
To lower temperature and costs.
This is because aluminium has a high melting point.
What are the electrodes made of in the electrolysis of aluminium?
Carbon.
Why is Carbon used as the electrodes material in the electrolysis of aluminium?
Because it is a good conductor of electricity.
What forms at the negative electrode in the electrolysis of aluminium?
Aluminium.
What forms at the positive electrode in the electrolysis of aluminium?
Oxygen.
Where is aluminium produced in the electrolysis of aluminium?
The negative electrode which is also the outer lining of the container
Where is oxygen produced in the electrolysis of aluminium?
On the positive electrode.
These are the rods made of carbon
What is electroplating?
Using electrolysis to cope the surface of an object with another metal
In electroplating where do you put the object you want to plate?
The negative electrode.
Electroplating what goes on the negative electrode?
The object you want to plate.
In electroplating where do you put the metal you want to play the object with?
On the positive electrode.
Give two examples of the uses of electroplating.
Decoration
It is attractive and is cheaper than having the whole object.
Conduction
used in electrical circuits to help them conduct electricity.
