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Physics > Electricity in the real world > Flashcards

Electricity in the real world Flashcards

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1
Q

Energy transfer in blenders and fan

A

Electrical energy ——> kinetic energy of electric motors

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2
Q

Energy transfer in iron and kettle

A

Electrical energy ——> thermal energy

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3
Q

Energy transfer in washing machine

A

Electrical energy ——> kinetic energy of electric motors + thermal energy

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4
Q

Power

A

Rate at which energy is transferred per second

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5
Q

What appliances have highest power

A

Appliances that transfer electrical energy to thermal energy

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6
Q

Power of a component using current and resistance

A

Voltage x current

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7
Q

Power of a component using current and resistance

A

Current^2 x resistance

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8
Q

DC

A

Current flows in one direction

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9
Q

AC

A

Current keeps changing direction

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10
Q

Why use AC in the mains power supply?

A

Easy to use a transformer to increase/decrease the potential difference

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11
Q

Mains electricity frequency

A

50Hz

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12
Q

Mains electricity potential difference

A

230 volts

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13
Q

How can you see the pattern of current in mains?

A

Using an oscilloscope

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14
Q

Time interval on mains

A

Time taken for current to change direction then change back again

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15
Q

Mains supply

A

How we get electrical energy in uk

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16
Q

What are wires in the mains made of?

A

Copper = conducts electricity
Plastic = insulation

17
Q

Brown wire

A

Live wire
Carries potential difference (230v)

18
Q

Blue wire

A

Neutral wire
Completes circuit
0V

19
Q

Green/yellow wire

A

Earth wire

20
Q

Earth wire function

A

If something goes wrong In the circuit, the energy is transferred to earth in the wire

21
Q

Fuse function

A

If it goes wrong, melts to shut off the current

22
Q

National grid

A

System of transformers and high voltage cables to transfer electricity from stations to homes

23
Q

What is the problem with the National grid?

A

Energy lost in cables

24
Q

How do we solve the problem in the National grid?

A

Build power stations nearer to homes
Use transformers

25
Q

How do transformers work?

A

Step up = increases voltage so less energy lost in power cables
Step down = decreases voltage so safe for home

Physics (44 decks)

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