Electricity & Electrical Safety Flashcards
Electricity
is the movement of electrons from one atom to another along a conductor. Electricity
electric current
is the flow of electricity along a conductor.
is the flow of electricity along a conductor.
is any material that conducts electricity.
nonconductor
(also known as an insulator) is a material that does not transmit electricity.
complete electric circuit
is the path that negative and positive electric currents take from the generating source through the conductors and back to the generating source.
Direct current
(DC) is a constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only and is produced by chemical means.
inverter
is an apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current. I
Alternating current
AC, is a rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction; it is produced by mechanical means and changes directions 60 times per second.
rectifier
is an apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current.
volt
abbreviated as V and also known as voltage is the unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes electric current forward through a conductor
ampere
abbreviated as A and also known as amp (AMP), is the unit that measures the strength of an electric current.
milliampere
abbreviated as mA, is 1⁄1,000 of an ampere. The current used for facial and scalp treatments is measured in milliamperes;
ohm
(OHM), abbreviated as O, is a unit that measures the resistance of an electric current.
watt
(WAHT), abbreviated as W, is a unit that measures how much electric energy is being used in one second.
fuse
prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit.
circuit breaker
is a switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of an overload.
Grounding
completes an electric circuit and carries the current safely away
polarity
refers to the poles of an electric current, either positive or negative.
ground fault interrupter
is designed to protect from electrical shock by interrupting a household circuit when there is a leak in the circuit.
anode
the anode is usually red and is marked with a P or a plus (+) sign.
cathode
it is usually black and is marked with an N or minus (-) sign
galvanic current
is a constant and direct current, having a positive and negative pole, that produces chemical changes when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body.
active electode
is the electrode used on the area to be treated.
inactive electrode
is the opposite pole from the active electrode.
Iontophoresis
is the process of infusing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current, such as the use of the positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine.
Cataphoresis
infuses an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissues, using galvanic current from the positive pole toward the negative pole.
Anaphoresis
infuses an alkaline (negative) product into the tissues from the negative pole toward the positive pole.
desincrustation
, a form of anaphoresis, is a process used to soften and emulsify grease deposits (oil) and blackheads in the hair follicles.
Microcurrent
is an extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body’s natural electrical impulses.
ultraviolet (UVA)
Ultraviolet A light has the longest wavelength of the UV light spectrum and penetrates directly into the dermis of the skin, damaging the collagen and elastin. UVA light is the light that is often used in tanning beds.
ultraviloet B (UVB)
Ultraviolet B light is often called the burning light because it is most associated with sunburns. Excessive use of both UVA and UVB light can cause skin cancers.
Ultraviolet C (UVC)
Ultraviolet C light is blocked by the ozone layer. If the Earth loses its protective layer of ozone, life as we know it will no longer exist. UVC is effective at killing bacteria, viruses, mold and other pathogens.
Catalysts
is an extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body’s natural electrical impulses.
