Elbow kinesiology MS200 Flashcards
How many joints are there to consider in the elbow and forearm?
Four joints: ulnohumeral, radiohumeral, proximal radioulnar, distal radioulnar.
What is the closed pack position of the ulnohumeral joint?
Extension with supination.
What is the capsular pattern of the ulnohumeral joint?
Flexion, extension.
What is the typical dislocation pattern of the ulnohumeral joint?
Humerus moves anterior inferior.
What type of joint is the ulnohumeral joint?
Hinge synovial.
What is the main ligament associated with the ulnohumeral joint?
Medial / ulnar collateral ligament.
What motion does the medial / ulnar collateral ligament limit?
Valgus motion / abduction.
What are the movements allowed by the ulnohumeral joint?
- Flexion
- Extension.
What is the closed pack position of the radiohumeral joint?
Elbow flexed to 90° with 5° supination.
What is the typical dislocation pattern of the radiohumeral joint?
Humerus moves anterior inferior.
What type of joint is the radiohumeral joint?
Uniaxial hinge synovial.
What is the main ligament associated with the radiohumeral joint?
Lateral / radial collateral ligament.
What motion does the lateral / radial collateral ligament limit?
Varus motion / adduction.
What are the movements allowed by the radiohumeral joint?
- Flexion
- Extension.
What is the closed pack position of the proximal radioulnar joint?
5° supination.
What is the capsular pattern of the proximal radioulnar joint?
Equal limitation of supination and pronation.
What is the typical dislocation pattern of the proximal radioulnar joint?
Radial head moves inferiorly out of the annular ligament.
What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint?
Uniaxial pivot synovial.
What are the two main ligaments of the proximal radioulnar joint?
- Annular ligament
- Oblique cord.
What is the closed pack position of the distal radioulnar joint?
5° supination.
What is the capsular pattern of the distal radioulnar joint?
Pain at extremes of rotation.
What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?
Pivot synovial.
What are the main ligaments of the distal radioulnar joint?
- Anterior radioulnar ligament
- Posterior radioulnar ligament.
What movements occur at the distal radioulnar joint?
- Supination
- Pronation.
What are the prime movers of elbow flexion?
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Brachioradialis.
What is the primary action of biceps brachii?
Active flexor in all forearm positions against resistance.
What is the strongest position for the biceps brachii during flexion?
Between 80° - 100° of flexion.
What is the main action of the triceps brachii?
Active in resisted concentric extension and eccentric flexion.
What role does the pronator teres play in elbow movements?
Active in pronation against resistance.
What is the function of the radioulnar interosseous membrane?
Limits supination and pronation; stabilizes the distal joint during pronation.
What is the typical carrying angle of the elbow in men?
5°.
What is the typical carrying angle of the elbow in women?
10 - 15°.
True or False: The ulnohumeral joint allows for both flexion and extension.
True.
Fill in the blank: The __________ joint allows for supination and pronation.
proximal/distal radioulnar joint.
convex head of radius moving in concave radial notch of ulna (at the proximal Radioulnar joint)
Opposite direction
ulnar notch of radius slides over ulnar head and brings the disc with it (distal radioulnar joint)
Same direction
Prime movers of the elbow
-biceps brachii
-brachialis
-brachioradialis (shunt mm)
-triceps brachii
-pronator teres
-pronator quadratus
-supinator
Synergists of the elbow
-triceps
- biceps
- anconeus
-pronator teres
- flexor carpi ulnaris/radialis
