Arm kinesiology Flashcards
Osteokinematic movement
Voluntary mvmt of our bony levers through their ROM
Arthrokinematic movement
small, involuntary mvmts between the articulating joint surfaces
basic Arthrokinematic types of motion
Roll, slide, spin
Concave moving on convex
Slide occurs in the same direction
Convex moving on concave
Slide occurs in the Opposite direction
Closed packed position (CPP)
-Greatest stability in this position
-Joint surfaces are maximally congruent
-surrounding ligaments and joint capsule are taut in this position
Open packed position (OPP)
Joint surfaces are relatively free to move in relation to one another
PROM/AROM and joint play occur here
Capsular pattern
Typical pattern of limitation in a joint’s mvmnt if the capsule is the structure limiting it’s movment
Costoclavicular ligament
limits clavicular elevation during GH abduction during the last 90 degrees
Movements at SC joint
-Protraction/retraction
occurs in transverse plane/vericalt axis
roll/slide in same direction
-Elevation/depression
Frontal/coronal plane; ant/post axis
roll/slide in opposite direction
-Clavicular rotation (S-shaped bone)
Mechanical axis
The clavicle is S shaped because
To allow the nerve plexus to pass through
Movements at AC joint
-Pro/retraction & Medial rotation (of acromion on clavicle)
allows scapula to appose thoracic wall
Transverse plane: Vert axis
- Upward tip
sag plane: mediolateral axis
-Sup/inferior scapular rotation
frontal plane: anteroposterior axis
AC Closed pack position (CPP)
90-120 degrees abduction
SC Closed packed position
Full elevation
Labrum of GH joint
Lines the glenoid
increases congruency, deepens the glenoid fossa
redundant capsular fold made up of fibrocartilage
Coracohumeral lig.
comprised of 2 bands: sup/inf.
limits external rotation
Glenohumeral Lig.
Comprised of 3 bands: sup. middle, inf. bands “Z shape” limits horizontal abduction
Coracoacromial lig.
One band thst arches over GH joint
limits superior displacement of the head of the humerus
Bursae of GH joint
Subdeltoid
Subacromial
Subscapular
Scaption
Scaption is shoulder elevation in the scapular plane
the plane is 30-40 degrees anterior to the true frontal plane
GH Joint capsular pattern
(First to last to be affected)
External rotation > abduction > internal rotation
Scapulothoracic (ST) joint
Not a true joint, describes the relationship between scapula and thoracic wall
Movements at ST joint
-Elevation/Depression
frontal plane, elevation involves anterior tip
-Pro/retraction
transverse plane
protraction involves abduction and medial rotation (retraction:opposite)
Glenohumeral Closed packed position (GH CPP)
Full abduction and external rotation
GH typical dislocation
Humerus moves anteroinferiorly
Superior scapular rot’n and clavicular elevation occur from which muscles?
action of Upper/lower traps and serratus ant.
Reverse SH rhythm
Scapula moves more than the humerus
occurs w shoulder hiking in frozen shoulder
Tension on the c.c lig. results in _____ rot’n of the clavicle?
Posterior rotation in 90-165 degrees of Abd.
AC capsular pattern
Pain at extreme ranges: especially horizontal adduction, and full elevation
AC typical dislocation
Clavicle moves superiorly
The SC joint serves as the only ____ connection for the entire SH girdle
Bony
SC Capsular pattern
Pain at extreme ranges: especially Horizontal adduction and Full elevation
SC typical dislocation
Clavicle moves anterior medial.
Full abduction of the humerus requires:
External humeral rotation
or
movement in scaption
The ST joint forms a closed kinetic chain w/?
AC/SC joint
*The motion of one invariable leads to motion at the others
Scapulohumeral rhythm
Relationship between mvmt at the GH and ST joints
1:2 ratio
the first 30° of abduction occurs primarily at which joint
GH joint, with Supraspinatus mm as the prime mover
the scapula moving only
slightly to find a more stable position (scapular setting)
From 30-90° abd the scapula moves about an axis of rotation located roughly at?
The base of the spine of the scap.
From 90 - 165 degrees of abduction the scapula moves about an axis of rotation located roughly at
The AC joint
How is the last 10-15 degrees of SH flex/abd achieved?
Spinal extension/ lateral flexion of the spine
This mm is the most active during flex/abd
Deltoid
These synergists play an important role to stabilise traps and serratus ant. during scapular rot’n
Rhomboid maj/min
