Egypt and Mesopotamia Flashcards
Present day Iraq, Israel, Syria
Fertile Crescent
Between Euphrates and Tigris River
Mesopotamia
When was the world’s first civilization created?
3300 BC
World’s first civilization
Sumer
What was the key to development for the Sumer?
Rivers
What did the Sumer first make?
Four wheeled vehicles
Believed in more than one god
polytheistic
performed rituals, prayed, offered sacrifices in _____
ziggurats
What did the Sumer believe in?
multiple gods/ after life
Sumer invented the earliest known _____
writing
What did the Sumer write on?
clay tablets
What did the Sumer establish?
number system
When did the Hammurabi take over?
1790 BC
What did the Hammurabi code include?
civil and criminal law
Laws that refer to divorce, taxes, businesses
civil
Laws that refer to murder, assault, robbery
crime
When did the Hittites come into power?
1400 BC
Knowledge on how to extract iron ore, used to create tools and weapons
Hittites
Who created a strong Babylonian empire in 612 BC?
Nebuchadnezzar
What did Nebuchadnezzar surround the city with?
moat and 85 foot wall
How many gates did Nebuchadnezzar have to allow people to pass through?
9
Babylon fell into the Persian armies of who?
Cyrus the Great
When did Darius create a vast empire?
500 BC
What was the key to civilization in Egypt?
Nile River
What was the benefit of having floods in Egypt?
Soaked land with water and rich soil
What were the 2 regions of Egypt?
Upper and Lower
Southern Egypt within 100 miles of the Mediterranean Sea
Upper
Delta area near the Mediterranean Sea
Lower
What were the 3 main periods of Egypt?
Old, Middle, New Kingdom
Had pharohs with a strong central government and large bureacracy
Old Kingdom
Tombs for deceased to live for eternity
Pyramid
Power struggles, crop failures, invasions from foreign countries
Middle Kingdom
Large empire created, power slowly declined
New Kingdom
Who was the ruler of Egypt during the New Kingdom?
King Tut
Who conquered the New Kingdom first?
Assyrians and Persians
When did the Greeks take control?
332 BC
When did the Romans take over?
30 BC
Greek city that was militaristic
Sparta
Greek city that has a direct democracy
Athens
When did Mesopotamia start?
3300 BC
When did Egypt start?
2000 BC
When did Greece start?
500 BC
When did Rome fall?
500 AD